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Zinc Sulphide (ZnS) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by the cost effective Chemical co-precipitation method at room temperature. The structural studies were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD),Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) studies were used to analyze particle size, Functional group, optical properties and Morphological study were characterized by FTIR,UV-Vis, PL and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) .In this work also probe the crystallite development in nanostructure ZnS by X-ray peak broadening analysis. The individual contributions of small crystallite sizes and lattice strain to the peak broadening in Uncapped and L-Cysteine Capped ZnS nanoparticles were analyzed using Modified Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis. The modified form of W-H plot assuming the uniform deformation model (UDM), uniform stress deformation model (USDM) and uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM). The root mean square (RMS) lattice strain <εrms> calculated from the interplanar spacing and the strain estimated from USDM and UDEDM are different due to consideration of anisotropic crystal nature.