ABSTRACT:The musculoskeletal anatomy of children is quite different from that of adults. The capsule, periosteum and other soft tissues surrounding the joints is very pliable and dislocations can occur even following trivial injuries. However dislocation occurring in a child population is a rare entity. There are a few case reports of hip dislocations in children < 3 years. We present here a series of 3 cases of paediatric hip dislocations which presented to us for management. The age of the children were between 24-27 months. Incidentally all 3 patients were boys and all 3 were right sided dislocations. None of them had any associated fractures. Two of them had a fall from height and one child fell off a slide. All 3 patients presented within 5 hours following injury. Closed reduction under anaesthesia was performed and post reduction the children were immobilized in a broom-stick plaster for 6 weeks. All children were followed up with serial x-rays and a MRI done immediately following reduction then at 6 and 18 months. There was no evidence of chondrolysis or avascular necrosis in any of the children at the last follow-up. They all had full range of movements with no limitation of function. We conclude that with early recognition and early reduction of the hip within the golden period (6 hours) the occurrence of complications can be prevented.

INTRODUCTIONIn India, the number of road accidents are amongst the highest in the world. With an estimated 1,50,000 losing their lives on Indian roads every year. The number of non-fatal accidents with resulting long bone fractures is estimated to be in excess of 5 million each year. Although the number of health care centres, both government run and private owned is high, there are still a small but significant subset of people who throng to the native bone setters for their treatment inspite of the government's crackdown on such spurious centres. The main reason for this is the high cost involved in managing such fractures and the taboo associated with surgical correction. This in the recent past has shown a declining trend and more patients are attending fracture clinics and hospitals because of better medical insurance coverage (both government and private) and better patient awareness towards the complications associated with such native splinting. However we still encounter sporadic cases of either fracture malunion and non-unions in our clinical practice.Distal femur fractures show a bimodal age distribution. 1 They are mostly high velocity injuries in the young and domestic injuries due to osteoporosis in the elderly ABSTRACT Background: The study was done to assess the functional and radiological outcome after operative skeletal stabilisation with bone grafting in 21 patients who presented to us with distal femur non-unions. Methods: Between August 2008 and October 2015, 21 patients (M:F-14:7) with established non-unions of the distal femur were included. All patients presented to us with established non-union following treatment with a native bone setter using splints. There were 16 patients with AO Type A, 4 with AO Type B and one patient with Type C. All patients underwent open reduction, internal fixation with plate and screws and bone grafting. Serial follow-ups were done at 4,8, 12, 16, 20, 24 weeks and 6 monthly thereafter. Results: All 21 patients had complete fracture healing at average of 19 weeks . Knee flexion (ROM) improved from an average 16® pre-op to 66® post-operatively. There were no implant failure, infection or nonunions in our study. The Knee Society score improved from 54 pre-operatively to 74 post-operatively at last followup. Conclusions: Even in established non-unions, good results can be expected if good surgical technique is followed and with bone grafting satisfactory union rated can be achieved. Knee ROM also improves with dedicated postoperative rehabilitation.

Wound healing is a complicated process in which the skin or the afflicted organ heals itself after an injury. In numerous animal models, scientific validation for the use of most of these botanical parts and species in the management and treatment of prenatal and postnatal complications has been reported. As a result of its bioactivity, biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, structural and chemical similarity to bone and teeth, host tissue bonding ability, and absence of inflammatory characteristic, it has the capacity to regenerate tissue. Our study aimed to identify the wound healing property of Tridax procumbens in Clinical models. In this study we have identified the various phytochemical activities such as cytotoxic effect, anti inflammatory, anti microbial, free radical scavenging and wound healing activity of tridax procumbens. It was found that Tridax procumbens accelerated the healing process by enhancing the epithelial regeneration of wounds. The potent activity of the herbal formulation can be attributed to the phyto-constituents present in the formulation enhance the wound healing effect. Additional research is necessary to understand both the target-based mechanism of action and other pharmacological effects

Now a day's curvature of spine is a common problem from babies to adults. In this paper, a wearable brace is used to provide patient to overcome from scoliosis by wearing braces with controlled pressure. Scoliosis is one of the spine diseases, the spine will be in S shape or C shape, in some degree of curve. But mostly occurs in Juvenile stage (3-10 years) and also women face this problem. It can be cured by a proper treatment by wearing a brace. The pressure control system is microcontroller. Bracing is a common non-surgical treatment for scoliosis, more often the patient wear their braces to the prescribed tightness. It works by applying corrective pressure on the outer side of curve and cutting out respective areas of relief to inner side of curve ,so the spine can migrate in that direction. The pressure control device was developed to understand brace wear time and regulate a target pressure range. The pressured data is transmitted to the central processing station. The effectiveness of our system is to monitor the development of posture of spine by wearing braces with controlled pressure.