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Unlike the materials widely represented in domestic and foreign scientific, technical and reference literature, the article theoretically substantiates the need to take into account in laboratory and bench tests of mechanical systems with friction units the presence and interconnection of dynamic processes occurring in a frictional contact and in a mechanical quasilinear subsystem; ensure identical: parameters of macro- and micro-roughness of contacting surfaces, frequencies and forms of natural vibrations, physical and mechanical properties of tribocontacts, as well as dynamic (integral) characteristics of a natural object and its physical model. The article presents the methods of physical and mathematical modeling and tribospectral identification of friction processes. The features of these methods and an example of dynamic monitoring of a mobile mechanical system using the example of a friction system: “way - rolling stock” are consideredThe first section in your paper.