The q-rung probabilistic dual hesitant fuzzy sets (qRPDHFSs), which outperform dual hesitant fuzzy sets, probabilistic dual hesitant fuzzy sets, and probabilistic dual hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy sets, are used in this research to develop an interactive group decision-making approach. We first suggest the Archimedean Copula-based operations on q-rung probabilistic dual hesitant fuzzy (qRPDHF) components and investigate their key features before constructing the approach. We then create some new aggregation operators (AOs) in light of these operations, including the qRPDHF generalized Maclaurin symmetric mean (MSM) operator, qRPDHF geometric generalized MSM operator, qRPDHF weighted generalized MSM operator, and qRPDHF weighted generalized geometric generalized MSM operator. These aggregation operators are better than current operators on qRPDHF because they can take into account the interactions between a large number of criteria and probability distributions. The evaluation findings are distorted since the present methodologies do not take expert involvement into account in order to achieve the required consistency level. We employ the idea of interaction, consistency, resemblance, and consensus-building among the decision-makers in our method to get around this. We create an optimization model based on the cross-entropy of the qRPDHF components to estimate the weights of the criterion. We provide contextual research on the choice of open-source software LMS in order to demonstrate the relevance of the recommended AOs. Likewise, we ran a sensitivity test on the weights of the criterion to make sure that our model is consistent. The comparison investigation has demonstrated that the suggested approach can overcome the challenges of previous works.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze how the learners utilize social media to acquire English language. The strategies they employ during the process of language acquisition is a combination of cognitive and meta-cognitive skills. It is an assumption that the social media like Whats App, Face book, Instagram and Twitter are meant for entertainment; however the present survey predicts that the second (English) language can be acquired through the intervention of social media. As long as the students are in the classroom, they take the instructions from language trainers where learning becomes a procedural practice. Once the students find their personal time at home, they browse social media for various reasons like entertainment, knowledge, information and so on. In the present study, the learners' strategies inside and outside the classroom are surveyed based on the mechanism developed by three language researchers namely, J. Michael O'Malley, Anna Uhl Chamot and Rebecca L Oxford. Their propositions are applied to a sample of 108 first Semester. Engineering graduates of Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation. The impact of social media on the students is examined by administering a questionnaire through Google forms. Language learning enhances if the students are allowed to operate their mobile phones in the campus. It is understood from the present investigation that language can be learnt implicitly and involuntarily through self -directed learning skills by using social media. The findings reflect that the receptive and productive language skills of the students are enhanced when they explore social media.

Introduction: Clindamycin is an effective drug used as an alternative to Vancomycin to treat skin and soft tissue infections caused by Staphylococcus spp. Reporting Staphylococcus as susceptible to Clindamycin without checking for inducible Clindamycin resistance may lead to therapeutic failure. Aim: To detect inducible Clindamycin resistance (MLSBi) among clinical isolates of Staphylococci by using a simple double-disc diffusion test (D-test). Methods: It was a prospective study conducted for 6 months from June 2022 to November 2022. All the Staphylococcal isolates from various samples were taken . Inducible clindamycin resistance (MLSBi) was detected by Erythromycin and Clindamycin disc approximation test (D-test) following CLSI guidelines. Results: A total of 216 Staphylococcus species were isolated from different samples. Out of the total samples Staphylococcus aureus were 42% and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) were 58%. Sensitivity to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin were 100%. Methicillin resistance is seen in 21% of Staphylococcus aureus and 23% of CoNS. The different susceptibility patterns to clindamycin in both Staphylococcus aureus and CoNS were noted. Constitutive (MLSBc) phenotype was most prevalent (48%) followed by MS phenotype (43%) and inducible (MLSBi) phenotype (9%) among Erythromycin resistant Staphylococcus isolates. Sensitive phenotype (S) is detected in 27%. MLSBi was more frequent in Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (28%) and MRCoNS (10%) than in MSSA (4%) and MSCoNS (2%). Conclusion: D-test should be included as a mandatory method in routine disc diffusion antimicrobial testing to detect inducible Clindamycin resistance in Staphylococci for the optimum treatment of patients.

Solid-state physics has played a crucial role in the development of modern science. This critical review explores the impact that solid-state physics has had on various fields, including materials science, condensed matter physics, and electronics. Solid-state physics has enabled the creation of new materials with novel properties, such as high-temperature superconductors and semiconductors. It has also revolutionized the field of electronics, leading to the development of microprocessors and computer technology. This review examines the historical context of solid-state physics and its significant contributions to the modern scientific landscape. Furthermore, this critical review evaluates the limitations and challenges that the field currently faces and discusses future directions for research. Ultimately, this review highlights the importance of solid-state physics in modern science and its potential for further breakthroughs in various scientific fields. The abstract introduces the topic of the impact of solid-state physics on modern science and briefly mentions the various fields that solid-state physics has contributed to. It also notes some of the key advances that solid-state physics has enabled, including the development of new materials with unique properties and the creation of electronic devices such as microprocessors. The abstract then goes on to provide more detail, exploring the historical context of solid-state physics and its significant contributions to the scientific landscape. This could include a discussion of some of the key discoveries and innovations that have arisen from solid-state physics research, as well as some of the prominent scientists who have worked in the field. The abstract also touches on some of the limitations and challenges that the field currently faces, such as the difficulty of working with complex materials and the need for new theoretical frameworks to better understand solid-state systems. Finally, it highlights the potential for further breakthroughs in various scientific fields, underscoring the ongoing importance of solid-state physics research. Overall, the abstract provides a comprehensive overview of the topic, laying out the key themes and arguments that the review will explore in more detail.