At The Time of Writing, All four authors, A. Gunasekaran, P. Okko, T. Martikainen, and p. Yli-oli were with the school of busines studes, University of Vaasa, Finland. In most cases small and medium enterprise prodcue their own product but at the same time they prodcue items for large-scale industries. These create certain interdependencies among SMEs and between them and large-scale industries in order to improve the competitiveness of SEMs in exporting. During recent year large-scale industries have undergone many changes in terms of prodcution concepts such as just-in-time and total-quality-managment and other technologies such as FMs, OPT and CIM with the objective of aligning their busienss, productivity and quality improvement strategies concepts and technologies which have not received adequate atention from SMEs. However, they can play an active role in the integration of various co-operating SMEs in the network and in improving prodcutivity and quality in SMEs. An attempt has been made in this paper to discuss the strategic for improving productivity and quality in SMEs, develop a suitable conceptual model for improving productivity and quality in two Finnish SMEs, taking into account advanced concepts and technologies and various forms of strategic alliances. in addition, a strategic framerwork is offered for improving productivity and quality in SMEs.

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In regional economics, there is a traditional field of study concerning the regional economic impact of a certain economic activity, such as an investment or some other activity causing an income injection to a region. Dr.Sc. (Econ. and BA) Timo Tohmo`s doctoral thesis contains these kind of analyses. The thesis consists of nine empirical studies, which are divided between two topics: regional specialization and industrial concentration in Finland, and regional economic impact analysis. The latter part includes evaluations of a folk music festival and a museum. In this review, I concentrate on three studies within the thesis that contain economic impact analyses of cultural activities, including the Museum of Central Finland in Jyväskylä.