Caballero-Blanco P, Delgado-Noguera, MA, Escartí-Carbonell, A. Analysis of Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility model-based programmes applied in USA and Spain. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 427-441, 2013. Over the last three decades, several studies have applied Hellison's Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) model; most of them have generated strong empirical evidences that support that theoretical framework. TPSR is a programme for positive youth development through physical activity. This article compares the different studies that have implemented the TPSR model in the United States and Spain. This paper reviews those researches by analysing their key features such as the research contexts, the profile of participants, the programme duration, the kind of physical activity used during the research, the research methodology employed and the results obtained by these researches. This article stresses some similarities and differences between those previous studies.

Diseño, implementación y evaluación de un programa de actividades en la naturaleza para promover la responsabilidad personal y social en alumnos de formación profesional Desing, implementation and assessment of an outdoor activities programme to promote personal and social responsibility in professional training students Concepção, implementação e avaliação de um programa de actividades na natureza para promover a responsabilidade pessoal e social em alunos de formação profissional

Positive Youth Development (PYD) programs are being used to foster holistic growth in children and adolescents. The hybridized application of two or more programs of this type has acquired special relevance in recent years. Although their application is common in the school context, there are few research studies that attempt their implementation in an extracurricular context. This study analyzed the effects of an intervention based on a hybrid PYD program on personal responsibility (PR) and social responsibility (SR) in youth volleyball players in an extracurricular context. A hybrid program was applied during the competitive season, with a total of 37 sessions with 30 girl students (15 experimental and 15 control) aged between 8 and 10 years (M = 8.87, SD = 0.82). A convergent mixed methods design was applied to integrate the following: (a) semi-structured interviews and field notes and (b) personal and social responsibility questionnaires. The results indicated that the implementation of the hybrid program appeared to yield a positive perception of learning in both the participants and the coach. Although there were no statistically significant intergroup or intragroup differences, the findings suggest that the hybrid program seems to be effective in fostering PR and SR in youth girl volleyball players.

Hernández-Hernández, E., Caballero-Blanco, P., Gómez-Rodríguez, A., & Morenas-Martín, J. (2014). Design and validation of an observational instrument to assess the technical execution in top-rope climbing. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 9(1), pp.111-123. The aim of this study was to design and validate an observational instrument to assess the technical execution in top-rope climbing. This observational instrument allows researchers to assess the progression of climbers in relation to the achievement of key aspects of climbing movements. Firstly, a review of the specialized literature was performed to establish a set of criteria for observation. Secondly, content validation was carried out through the agreement and consensus method among ten expert judges at the qualitative level (degree of understanding, appropriateness of wording, relevance of questions, etc.), and quantitative level (global assessment on a scale from 0 to 10). Thirdly, this instrument was applied to a sample of seven climbers on an indoor climbing wall. Reliability was calculated through the application of the test-retest method. The results indicated that the instrument has optimal levels of reliability and validity for evaluating the technical execution of beginning climbers. The instrument can be considered as a useful tool which could be applied by instructors and teachers for discriminating the learning stage in beginning climbers.