The widespread use of distributed generation (DG), which is installed in medium-voltage distribution networks, impacts the future development of modern electrical systems that must evolve towards smart grids. A fundamental topic for smart grids is automatic distributed voltage control (ADVC). The voltage is now regulated at the MV busbar acting on the on-load tap changer of the HV/MV transformer. This method does not guarantee the correct voltage value in the network nodes when the distributed generators deliver their power. In contrast, the ADVC allows control of the voltage acting on a single generator; therefore, a better voltage profile can be obtained. In this paper, an approach based on sensitivity theory is shown to control the node voltages regulating the reactive power injected by the generators. After the theoretical analysis, a numerical example is presented to validate the theory. The proposed voltage regulation method has been developed in collaboration with Enel Distribuzione S.p.A. (the major Italian DSO), and it will be applied in the Smart Grids POI-P3 pilot project, which is financed by the Italian Economic DevelopmentMinistry. Before the real field application in the pilot project, a real-time digital simulation has been used to validate the algorithm presented. Moving in this direction, Enel Distribuzione S.p.A. built a new test center in Milan equipped with a real-time digital simulator (from RTDS Technologies)

Results. Twenty-five studies were included. A negative prognostic role for low serum vitD level was observed in five cohort studies including patients with breast cancer (one study), colon cancer (two studies), prostate cancer (one study), and melanoma (one study), but not in two studies on non-small cell lung cancer and one study on breast cancer. Three of four studies showed that VDR ؉ tu-

The document describes the solution adopted in ENEL DMS Systems to obtain precise results in network calculations and, consequently, real improvements in the reduction of power losses and CO2 emissions.

In order to study new technologies, in sight of smart grids, and for new regulation, protection, and control devices homologation tests, it becomes essential to use a real-time digital simulator (RTDS). This calculator offers the possibility to analyze the behavior of the aforementioned devices in any electrical grid condition, especially those hardly reproducible on the real field. In this paper, the analysis of two types of Petersen Coil Regulators will be discussed, focusing on the experimental results reached, useful to gain an optimized electrical distribution grid management

This paper describes the opportunity for Enel to realize an integrated system for energy management. This will be possible thanks to the existing AMM infrastructure for the remote management of electricity meters and following the regulatory request for a smart gas meter solution. The challenge for Enel is to deploy an innovative solution for the remote management of gas meters enabling both integrated Energy management and possible future innovations.The Italian Authority (AEEG) has published a decree obliging all the gas distributors to adopt and deploy a remote management system for gas meters.First the well know and consolidated Telegestore solution will be described, to underline the key factors for the future design and development for the gas solution. Then the current gas market situation, the regulatory issues, requirement and deadline set up by the Authority will be described.Finally the innovative approach Enel has adapted to address the development of the remote smart gas meter management solution will be described. This includes the activities already performed and defines any possible scenarios for the integration of the new infrastructure with the existing electricity infrastructure, with the aim to enable an integrated, innovative and smart Energy management solution.