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This experimental study was performed for determining the antioxidant and antibacterial bioactivity of Onosma dichroantha’s root extract obtained using ethanol as our solvent. The results showed that phthalic acid, di(2-propylpentyl) ester (54.52%), .beta.-sitosterol (16.65%) and ethanol, 2-(butylamino)- (13.32%) were the major compounds of the ethanolic root extract of O. dichroantha. Total phenols was determined by the Folin-ciocalteu method and the flavonoid content was determined by the colorimetric aluminum chloride method. The maximum phenolic (139.2 ± 0.25 mg gallic acid equivalents/ g of root powder) and flavonoid (17.6 ± 0.12 mg quercetin equivalents/ g of root powder) contents were measured in the ethanol extract. The antioxidant capacity of the root extract was assessed by the scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. It was found that antioxidant activity elevated linearly with an increase in the concentration of the ethanol extract. Furthermore, the inhibition value was rather significant compared to the standard controls. The disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity of this extract. Thereby, the ethanolic root extract of O. dichroantha exhibited great bioactivity against 11 bacterial species, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus epidermis and Streptococcus pyogenes. In conclusion, the ethanolic root extract of O. dichroantha has antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

Abstract. Documentation is a key step for cognition of cultural heritage, and also a requisite for conservation and adaptive reuse actions. Petroleum reservoir of Mashhad (constructed in 1925) was documented by means of Drone images. The photogrammetric documentation was aimed at provision of 3D models and as a dataset for the creation of BIM models. These data-enriched models could be used on Digital Twin platforms for monitoring and operational purposes, a concept that is becoming increasingly relevant in the field of cultural heritage conservation. The discussion of this process demonstrates that the dense matching of drone images may generate centimeter-level precision and can provide a proper basis for BIM and Digital Twin platforms. The capability of this system will help the community in sustainable development in order to preserve the monuments and determine the appropriate urban use in heritage buildings.