Preventive measures should be included in the patient treatment protocol because of RT-induced chemical changes to the deciduous enamel.

These results suggest that the combination of cream and laser light possibly promoted protein denaturation of the tooth enamel organic matrix, which possibly decreased the loss of hardness without causing pulp damage.

Conservation of deciduous teeth with pulp alterations caused by caries and trauma is a major therapeutic challenge in pediatric dentistry as a result of the internal anatomy and life cycle characteristic. It is essential that the root canal procedures sanitizers have a performance in eliminating bacterial. In this context, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PAT) is promising and emerging as adjuvant therapy in an attempt to eliminate the microorganisms persistent to chemi-mechanical preparation. Since there is presence of oxygen in cells, photosensitizer activated by light can react with molecules in its vicinity by electrons' or hydrogen's transfer, leading to microorganism death. This paper reports the case of 4-year-old patient, female, with early childhood caries. The proposed endodontic treatment incuded chemomechanical treatment allied to PAT in the decontamination of root canals using methylene blue dye 50 μg/mL during 3–5 minutes and 40 J/cm2 as energy density, taking into account the need for tissue penetration and effectiveness of PAT inside the dentinal tubules.