Am Beispiel von Kultbildnissen der indischen Jaina-Religion wird die Frage erörtert, in welcher Weise Bilder zur Konstruktion von Stifterfiguren und damit zur Herausbildung religiöser Identitäten beitrugen oder diese im Einzelfall möglicherweise gar erzeugten. Die Schöpfung erster jainistischer Kultbilder fällt zeitlich mit der Schaffung des Buddhabildes im 1. Jahrhundert zusammen und geschah zu einer Zeit, als im nördlichen Indien die Herstellung steinerner Kultbilder eine frühe »Bilderflut« auslöste, die in nachhaltiger Weise auf die Religionen des antiken Indiens wirkte.
Convolutional neural networks revolutionized computer vision and natrual language processing. Their efficiency, as compared to fully connected neural networks, has its origin in the architecture, where convolutions reflect the translation invariance in space and time in pattern or speech recognition tasks. Recently, Cohen and Welling have put this in the broader perspective of invariance under symmetry groups, which leads to the concept of group equivaiant neural networks and more generally steerable neural networks. In this article, we review the architecture of such networks including equivariant layers and filter banks, activation with capsules and group pooling. We apply this formalism to the symmetric group, for which we work out a number of details on representations and capsules that are not found in the literature.
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