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Based on a SEIRD model (Susceptible, Exposed, Infective, Recovered and Deceased) for COVID-19 infection with a new parametrization using a high infection rate, and a low fatality, we define the model in System Dynamics, Python, and Specification and Description Language (SDL). The different implementations obtained can be improved depending on the capabilities of the approach and, more interestingly, can be used to improve the Validation and Verification processes. In this paper, we are focused on describing how this comparison with other models’ validation processes allows us to find the parameters of the system dynamics model, hence the parameters of the pandemic. This is a crucial element, specifically in this case, because the data are not complete or validated for different reasons. We use using existing data from Korea and Spain and showing that the proposed method and the obtained parametrization for the model fit with the empirical evidence. We discuss some implications of the validation process and the model parametrization. We use this approach to implement a Decision support system that shows the current pandemic situation in Catalonia.

This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. b s t r a c tIn this work, we present a simulation model that makes it possible to find optimal values for various building parameters and the associated impacts that reduce the energy demand or consumption of the building. In the study, we consider several situations with different levels of thermal insulation. To define and to integrate the different models, a formal language (Specification and Description Language, SDL) is used. The main reason for using this formal language is that it makes it possible to define simulation models from graphical diagrams in an unambiguous and standard way. This simplifies the multidisciplinary interaction between team members. Additionally, the fact that SDL is an ISO standard simplifies its implementation because several tools understand this language. This simplification of the model makes it possible to increase the model credibility and simplify the validation and verification processes. In the present project, the simulation tools used were SDLPS (to rule the main simulation process) and Energy+ (as a calculus engine for energy demand). The interactions between all these tools are detailed and specified in the model, allowing a deeper comprehension of the process that define the life of a building from the point of view of its sustainability.

Interconnected smart devices constitute a large and rapidly growing element of the contemporary Internet. A smart thing can be as simple as a web-enabled device that collects and transmits sensor data to a repository for analysis, or as complex as a web-enabled system to monitor and manage a smart home. Smart things present marvellous opportunities, but when they participate in complex systems, they challenge our ability to manage risk and ensure reliability. SDL, the ITU Standard Specification and Description Language, provides many advantages for modelling and simulating communicating agents --- such as smart things --- before they are deployed. The potential for SDL to enhance reliability and safety is explored with respect to existing smart things below. But SDL must advance if it is to become the language of choice for developing the next generation of smart things. In particular, it must target emerging IoT platforms, it must support simulation of interactions between pre-existing smart things and new smart things, and it must facilitate deployment of large numbers of similar things. Moreover, awareness of the potential benefits of SDL must be raised if those benefits are to be realized in the current and future Internet of Things.publishersversio

a b s t r a c tThis paper describes a conceptual model intended to be applied in a general approach to the micro-simulation of hub airports terminals. The proposed methodology is illustrated with the development of a simulation model originally intended to help in the design of the new terminal at Barcelona International Airport. This model represents in detail, among many other elements, passengers' flows in the different areas of these complex facilities. Agent-based simulation techniques were included to represent the different actors' behaviors, and a formal representation of the model using Specification and Description Language (SDL) was used to represent the complexity of all the system elements. To pre-process a diverse and considerable amount of raw data provided by airport designers and other sources to feed the simulation environment Flight Planner Manager was developed as a toolkit to parameterize the different model factors and to generate required specific input data. This project was conducted over 3 years leading to the development of a system not only conceived to assess in the airport initial design process but also to constitute a recurrent decision taking instrument to dynamically optimize terminal management and operations.Ó 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Objectives and methodologyThe different and asynchronous flows merging in the terminal areas represent a considerable challenge for modern airport management, even considering the well-known or easily predictable passengers' behaviors in this specific and regulated context. Many rules are linked to arrivals and departures patterns, workers routines, schedules and conditions, as long with specific airport operations and activities (check-in, access control, shopping or food and beverages areas distribution and characterization, waiting spaces. . .).Airport managers emphasizes the importance of aspects like security, efficiency, bottleneck avoidance, quality of services, comfort, ease of use or sustainability and rationalization of costs, among many others. A large amount of questions need to be solved ranging from the assignment of arriving flights to available gates [3], to problems related with recurrent or unexpected delays, access control dimensioning and reconfiguration, or the importance of public transportation systems scheduling [16,19]. This paper is focused on the modeling of space requirements and flow management in the main terminal building and related areas of a hub airport. The objectives to cover with the required simulation based decision tool are necessarily http://dx