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Disaster losses in the developing world have increased substantially over the past decade and are likely to accelerate in future years. This paper proposes an environmental risk management program for developing countries that consists of six modules. The pre-disaster phase includes risk identification, risk mitigation, risk transfer, and preparedness; the post-disaster phase is devoted to emergency response and rehabilitation and reconstruction. We illustrate the elements of each of these phases with a set of examples and then show how they have been applied in three countries: Fiji, India,and Turkey. The paper concludes with a set of suggestions for future research. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance (2002) 27, 196–214. doi:10.1111/1468-0440.00164