ResumenEl artículo presenta una reflexión pormenorizada sobre la compleja relación de la antropología como ciencia social con la práctica del desarrollo en tanto intervención tendiente a transformar (mejorar) los modos de vida de las poblaciones más relegadas. Se detallan una serie de núcleos temáticos que consideramos centrales para comprender más acabadamente el por qué de la relación enrevesada entre antropología y desarrollo. Asimismo se discute la importancia fundamental de los aspectos políticos y culturales de los procesos de desarrollo considerando a dichos procesos como espacios en los que permanentemente se consolidan y reformulan relaciones de poder entre las partes involucradas dando lugar a un sinnúmero de giros, marchas y contramarchas que se apartan substancialmente de los proyectos esbozados. Finalmente, proponemos -desde la antropología-retomar el análisis vigilante de estos aspectos políticos y culturales para dar lugar a procesos de intervención más controlados y más favorables para quienes los reciben. AbstractThis article reflects on the complex relationship of anthropology as a social science with development regarded as interventions towards the transformation (improvement) of the disadvantaged populations' livelihoods. We describe and analyze several issues that we consider vital in order to explain the difficult relationship between anthropology and development. In addition, we discuss the fundamental importance of the political and cultural face of development processes as we regard them as spaces where power relations are constantly being shaped and reshaped resulting in unexpected turns and changes in direction in relation to the original development projects. Lastly, from an anthropological perspective we advocate to take up a vigilant analysis of the political and cultural aspects of development in order to produce controlled interventions that are favorable for the beneficiaries.
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