Three-year-old field-grown 'Concord' (Vitis labruscana Bailey) grapevines were destructively harvested at eight growth stages during 1998 to quantify growth, carbohydrate distribution, and nutrient concentrations of different organs. The roots were the major storage organ for carbohydrates and nutrients, accounting for 84% of the starch and 75% of nitrogen stored in the vines at the beginning of the season. About 78% of the reserve starch in the vine was used for prebloom root and shoot growth. Early-season fine-root growth was a sink for stored vine nitrogen; however, the fine roots quickly became a nitrogen uptake source, providing at least 84% of the spring growth nitrogen. Total root biomass increased from bloom to leaf fall, but reserve carbohydrates and nutrients lost in the prebloom period did not begin to recover in roots until the end of rapid shoot development in late July. Crop removal at harvest, and a late-season root flush, further increased vegetative carbohydrate and nutrient reserves in the short postharvest period.

Goals: This report aims to present a clear protocol to (a) deploy proximal canopy sensors into single high-wire trellis Concord (Vitis labruscana cv Bailey) vineyards and (b) to convert the canopy sensor response into an indication of vine size (pruning weight). The protocol is designed to be robust and practical for easy adoption in commercial systems. Evidence will be presented of the efficacy of vine size prediction using the protocol in multiple research and commercial vineyards. Key Findings: Using different vineyards and pruning crews the protocol performed well in over 80 % of vineyards. It permitted growers to generate maps of actual vine size within vineyards. These maps provide a valuable indication of the current site-specific production potential and a baseline to assess changes in vine size over time. In a few vineyards, the proposed simplified calibration process did not generate a clear relationship between the canopy response and vine size, which may be due to changes

We report the case of a 31-year-old female presenting with haemothorax secondary to rupture of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation following induction of labour. This caused fetal compromise that necessitated immediate delivery. Emergency embolisation was performed after inter-hospital transfer to a regional centre with interventional radiology facilities. The postoperative course was complicated by large volume pulmonary emboli and persistent infection which required video assisted thorascopic surgery.