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This paper focuses on the usability of optimisation models to support the re-routing of air traffic flows in Europe. It discusses different modelling approaches and proposes three integer programming models, with different levels of detail, aimed at re-routing air traffic flows. The models are tested on a set of test data based on the actual traffic crossing the whole French upper airspace. The paper arrives at conclusions on the usability, limitations and extensions of the models.

This article explores the impact that flight-centric air traffic control (ATC), a concept under development, has on ATC market structure and ATC business models. Flight-centric operations bring forth changes in how the stakeholders adapt their roles to the emerging ATC market. We compared current ATC and market structures with the emerging flight-centric concept and analyzed the market changes in structure and competition from the emergence of flight-centric operations using Porter’s five forces model. Four potential business models for flight-centric ATC are identified and described: current air navigation service providers adapt, vertical integration by airlines, new ATC providers, and the network manager as capacity-demand manager. In the final chapter, we briefly describe the future regulation of the market for flight-centric operations. We conclude that new concepts and technologies, such as flight-centric operations, create the necessary dynamics for change in the current market structure by unbundling of the market.

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