Encephalitis by herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an sporadic and the most important cause of encephalitis in the western world. The aim of this study was to describe the main clinical features and response to therapy in a representative serie of cases. Fifteen cases confirmed by polymerase chain reaction were identified in two universitary hospitals in Santiago. Average age was 41 years (range 5-78) being 80% over 30 years old. Most cases presented with fever and sensorial involvement (80%) or headache (67%) and only a minority with seizures or focal signs (≤15%). Extracerebral herpetic lesions were present in two patients (13%). Average length of symptoms was 3. 8 days and most cases were associated to type 1 HSV (86.7%). Changes were detected in 91.7% of those evaluated with electroencephalogram, in 81.8% of those evaluated with nuclear magnetic resonance and in only 13.3% of those evaluated with a cerebral CT-scan. All patients were treated with acyclovir and casefatality ratio was 13.3%, although one death in a patient with AIDS and CNS lymphoma could not be related to HSV. Six patients (40%) showed neurological deficit at discharge. Death or neurological deficit at discharge was associated with a delay > 3 days before acyclovir therapy. (p = 0.01, twotailed Fisher test) Key words: Herpetic encephalitis, polymerase chain reaction, Central nervous system infection. Palabras clave: Encefalitis herpética, reacción de polimerasa en cadena, infección del sistema nervioso central. mayor parte de los casos en adultos se presenta en personas sobre 35 años de edad y su letalidad es > 70% sin tratamiento. Las secuelas en los pacientes tratados son significativas 1 .El diagnóstico de la encefalitis herpética ha cambiado en los últimos años gracias al advenimiento de la RPC en LCR para VHS, una estrategia rápida y de alta sensibilidad y especificidad, que en nuestro medio ha permitido reemplazar los diagnósticos presuntivos por TAC o electroencefalograma (EEG) o los bajos rendimientos del aislamiento viral en el LCR. IntroducciónLa encefalitis herpética es una enfermedad grave asociada al virus herpes simplex 1 ó 2 (VHS 1 o VHS 2). Aparece en forma endémica, sin estacionalidad y en pacientes inmunocompetentes. Puede manifestarse como un cuadro clásico de encefalitis infecciosa con fiebre, cefalea y alteración en el nivel de conciencia. Debido al compromiso del lóbulo temporal, las manifestaciones clínicas pueden incluir también alucinaciones, afasia y cambios de personalidad. La
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.