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The COVID 19 outbreak has hit the global (including the EU) economy unexpectedly and with great force. Many so far healthy undertakings have had to face the looming lack of liquidity. In order to counter the damage inflicted on undertakings and to perverse the continuity of economic activity during and after the coronavirus pandemic, public authorities were forced to step in and launch various types of support measures for entrepreneurs.

Measuring average impacts of public interventions, which is a dominant approach in the evaluation of public programmes has little to offer to inform policy making. The ultimate goal of innovation policy is not the numbers of patents obtained or applied neither employment growth in the supported firms in terms of R&D personnel, although they can be important factors influencing the success of the firm’s innovative activity. Innovation policy is about changing the behaviour of supported firms.

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