reSUmo decorrente dos sistemas de manejo empregados no solo, como o sistema de preparo convencional (SPC) versus o sistema de plantio direto de hortaliças (SPDH), modificações nos atributos edáficos ocorrem; por exemplo, nos índices de agregação do solo e seu teor de carbono orgânico total (COT). Objetivaram-se quantificar os teores de COT e avaliar os índices de agregação do solo e a distribuição dos agregados por classes de diâmetro sob cultivo de cebola em SPdH e SPC, comparados a uma área de mata adjacente em ituporanga, SC. os tratamentos constituíram-se da semeadura de plantas de cobertura, solteiras e consorciadas, em SPdH: vegetação espontânea (VE); 100 % aveia; 100 % centeio; 100 % nabo-forrageiro; consórcio de nabo-forrageiro (14 %) e centeio (86 %); e consórcio de nabo-forrageiro (14 %) e aveia (86 %). adicionalmente, foram avaliadas uma área de cultivo de cebola em SPC por ±37 anos e uma área de mata (floresta secundária; ±30 anos), ambas adjacentes ao experimento. Em setembro de 2013, cinco anos após a implantação dos tratamentos com plantas de cobertura, foram coletadas amostras indeformadas do solo nas camadas de 0-5, 5-10 e 10-20 cm e separados os agregados para avaliar a estabilidade via úmida. Nos agregados, foi quantificado o COT;Recebido para publicação em 7 de novembro de 2014 e aprovado em 10 de março de 2015.

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SUMMARYSuccessive applications of liquid swine waste to the soil can increase the contents of total organic carbon and nutrients and change acidity-related soil chemical properties. However, little information is available on the effects of swine waste application in solid form, as of swine deep-litter. The objective of this study was to evaluate alterations of organic carbon and acidity-related properties of a soil after eight years of pig slurry and deep-litter application. In the eighth year of a field experiment established in Braço do Norte, Santa Catarina (SC) on a sandy Typic Hapludalf samples were taken (layers 0-2.5; 2.5-5; 5-10; 10-15; 15-20 and 20-30 cm) from unfertilized plots and plots with pig slurry or deep-litter applications, providing the simple or double rate of N requirement of Zea mays and Avena strigosa in rotation. Soil total organic carbon, water pH, exchangeable Al, Ca and 0-2,5, 2,5-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20 e 20-30 cm, em

ABSTRACT:Cover crops contribute to nutrient cycling and may improve soil chemical properties and, consequently, increase crop yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate cover crop residue decomposition and nutrient release, and the effects of these plants on soil chemical properties and on onion (Allium cepa L.) yield in a no-tillage system. The experiment was carried out in an Inceptisol in southern Brazil, where cover crops were sown in April 2012 and 2013. In July 2013, shoots of weeds (WD), black oats (BO), rye (RY), oilseed radish (RD), oilseed radish + black oats (RD + BO), and oilseed radish + rye (RD + RY) were cut at ground level and part of these material from each treatment was placed in litter bags. The litter bags were distributed on the soil surface and were collected at 0, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 days after distribution (DAD). The residues in the litter bags were dried, weighed, and ground, and then analyzed to quantify lignin, cellulose, non-structural biomass, total organic carbon (TOC), N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. In November 2012 and 2013, onion crops were harvested to quantify yield, and bulbs were classified according to diameter, and the number of rotted and flowering bulbs was determined. Soil in the 0.00-0.10 m layer was collected for chemical analysis before transplanting and after harvesting onion in December 2012 and 2013. The rye plant residues presented the highest half-life and they released less nutrients until 90 DAD. The great permanence of rye residue was considered a protection to soil surface, the opposite was observed with spontaneous vegetation. The cultivation and addition of dry residue of cover crops increased the onion yield at 2.5 Mg ha -1 .