ResumenEl objetivo del estudio fue aislar y caracterizar E. coli O157:H7 a partir de carne molida fresca de bovino obtenida en diferentes mercados de abastos. Se analizaron 195 muestras; para el aislamiento y enumeración de E. coli se utilizó la técnica del Numero Más probable mediante tubos múltiples; para el aislamiento y caracterización de E. coli O157:H7 el enriquecimiento selectivo y el análisis bioquímico, las colonias características se confirmaron mediante pruebas serológicas. Para determinar la presencia de shigatoxina (stx1, stx2) e intimina (eae A) se empleó la técnica de PCR multiplex en tiempo real y para enterohemolisina la prueba de hemólisis. El 87.18% de la muestras fue positivo para E. coli y el 77.95% presentó un recuento igual o superior a 50 NMP/g. Se obtuvieron 3 (1.54%) cepas de E. coli O157:H7, una stx1 +/ stx2 +/ eaeA -y enterohemolisina -, una stx1 +/ stx2 -/ eaeA + y enterohemolisina -y la otra stx1 -/ stx2 -/ eaeA -y enterohemolisina +. También se obtuvieron 4 cepas (2.05%) de E. coli O157 no H7, ninguna presentó factores de virulencia. El estudio reveló el riesgo potencial de que E. coli O157:H7 afecte a la población de Lima.Palabras clave: Escherichia coli O157:H7, bovino, carne molida, factores de virulencia. AbstractThe aim of the study was to isolate and characterize E. coli O157: H7 from fresh ground beef obtained in different food markets. 195 samples were analyzed, for isolation and enumeration of E. coli was used most probable number technique using multiple tubes, for the isolation and characterization of E. coli O157: H7 selective enrichment and biochemical analysis, characteristic colonies were confirmed serologically. To determine the presence of shigatoxin (stx1, stx2) and intimin (eaeA) was done with multiplex real time PCR and for enterohemolysin the hemolysis test. The 87.18% of the samples were positive for E. coli and 77.95% had a count greater than or equal to 50 NMP/g. Were obtained 3 (1.54%) strains of E. coli O157: H7, one stx1 +/stx2 +/eaeA -and enterohemolysin -, one stx1 +/stx2 -/eaeA + and enterohemolysinand the other stx1 -/stx2 -/eaeA -and enterohemolysin +. Also obtained 4 (2.05%) strains of E. coli O157 non H7, no virulence factors presented. The study found that the risk potential E. coli O157: H7 affecting the population of Lima.
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