In view of the intimate relationship of humans with coastal lagoons (used for recreation, tourism, water supply, etc.), the discharge of domestic effluents may lead to the establishment of routes of dissemination of pathogenic microorganisms, including microorganisms carrying genes for resistance to antimicrobials, through the surrounding human communities. The objective of the present investigation was to relate the presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria to the environmental characteristics of three coastal lagoons, comparing the results with those from hospital sewage. Of the lagoons evaluated, two (Geribá and Imboassica) receive domestic sewage discharge, and the other (Cabiúnas) is still in a natural state. We isolated in a culture medium containing 32 ¼ µg/ml of Cephalothin, fecal coliforms (E. coli), non-fecal coliforms (Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, and Citrobacter), non-glucose-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, and Aeromonas sp. In cultures from the hospital drain we found strains showing numerous markers for resistance to most of the 11 antimicrobials tested. On the other hand, in cultures from Cabiúnas and Imboassica lagoons, we found strains showing resistance only to antibiotics frequently observed in non-selective situations (considered as "common" markers). The capacity for dilution in the ecosystem, and salinity appeared related with the occurrence of multi-resistant bacterial strains. The intensity of recent fecal contamination was not shown to be associated with the numbers and types of markers found.

ABSTRACT

No abstract

Neste trabalho foi feito um estudo de tendências tecnológicas em nanotecnologia aplicado ao setor de materiais poliméricos, com base em informações extraídas de documentos de patentes. Foi usada como fonte de dados o banco de patentes da USPTO (United States Patent Trademark Office). Os dados foram obtidos via web, utilizando-se diversas palavras-chaves Foram mapeados os principais países depositantes, tipo de depositante e ano de aplicação, setores de aplicação, tipos de polímeros utilizados e principais aditivos e cargas incorporados às matrizes poliméricas.

Lake Batata is a typical clear water lake of the Amazon, located at the right margin of the Trombetas River, at the town of Porto Trombetas (PA). It is subjected to a large and predictable variation of the water level, greater than 6 m, being in the floodplain of the Trombetas River. For 10 years (1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989) Lake Batata has received the tailings of bauxite processing from the activities of Minerac¸a˜o Rio do Norte S.A. These tailings impacted about 30% of its total area with an effluent of fine granulometry. Nowadays, two different areas can be observed at Lake Batata, one impacted by the bauxite tailings and one where the natural characteristics have been preserved. The aquatic macrophyte Oryza glumaepatula (Steud), known as wild rice, is one of the species found in the two areas, impacted and natural. The goal of this research was to evaluate the concentration of organic matter, organic carbon, N, P, lipids, soluble carbohydrates, and cell-wall fraction in three structures of O. glumaepatula (leaves and culm, adventitious roots, and basal roots), as well as to identify the possible differences in the allocation of these compounds between individuals in the natural and impacted areas. While the differences between the different structures of the plant are preliminary data for studies on the detritus chain and herbivory, the differences between the natural and impacted areas show the probable impact of the tailings on O. glumaepatula.