In this paper we report the first remains of caviomorph rodents from the karst of the Parque Nacional de Ubajara, Ceará State, northeastern Brazil, collected with precise stratigraphic and radiometric control. The material is derived from levels with thermoluminescence dating of about 8,000 years BP, corresponding to the early Holocene. In these levels, we found remains of Kerodon rupestris Wied, 1820, cf. Dasyprocta Illiger, 1811 and Thrichomys Trouessart, 1880. The data here reported contribute to the knowledge of Brazilian Quaternary rodents and show the potential of the studied area for fossils.