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Background: To study the role of hyperhomocysteinemia in unexplained infertility and the impact of its correction with vitamin and mineral supplementation. Methods: Total of 60 patients were included with 30 patients in case and 30 patients in control groups. Cases included patients with history of inability to conceive with frequent regular unprotected intercourse for at least 1 year. Controls included age matched parous females with at least one live birth and no history of abortions. Among the patients of unexplained infertility with hyperhomocysteinemia, homocysteine lowering agents were given and outcome studied in the form of lowering of homocysteine levels and number of conceptions. Results: The mean age was 28.1 years in study and 29.5 years in the control group .Mean level of serum homocysteine was significantly higher in study group than normal fertile women i.e.20.5µmol/l and 10.9 µmol/l respectively. Among the patients of unexplained infertility, 22(73.3%) were found to have range above the normal healthy levels. In these patients homocysteine lowering agents were given for 6 weeks and lowering of mean homocysteine levels was observed which was 10.4 µmol/l. Six (27.3%) patients conceived spontaneously during the follow up period. Conclusions: Serum homocysteine levels are inversely correlated with infertility. Homocysteine lowering agents have a favourable impact on the outcome of infertility and their use is suggested in cases of unexplained infertility associated with hyperhomocysteinemia. [Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2013; 2(2.000): 165-171

Background: To study the incidence, causes, clinical presentations, management and maternal morbidity and mortality associated with acute puerperal inversion of uterus. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur, from March 2008 to March 2013. All the women who developed acute puerperal inversion of uterus either in or outside our hospital were included in the study. Results: Majority of women presenting with inversion belonged to age group 20-35 years, were multigravida (68.2%), came from rural set-up (81.4%) and were unbooked (81.8%). Majority of deliveries complicated by inversion took place at home (50%), delivered by dais (46%). Mismanaged 3rd stage of labour proved to be an important factor (36.4%) leading to inversion uterus followed by atonicity of uterus. 90% of women suffered due to delay in management at PHC and CHC, 68%women succumbed to delay in diagnosis at the place of delivery by untrained staff, whereas 45% women suffered due to delay in transport facility. 13.63% women suffered from sepsis in post-operative period, 22.72% from renal failure whereas 18.18% died. Conclusion: Proper education and training regarding active management of third stage of labour, diagnosis and management of uterine inversion should be imparted to traditional birth attendants, so that this potentially life-threatening obstetric emergency could be averted. [Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2013; 2(3.000): 292-295

Objectives. To evaluate the role of angiogenesis tumor marker CD31 in the detection of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions and to compare its efficacy with colposcopy and histopathology. Materials and Methods. 230 patients with a suspicious looking cervix and an abnormal Pap smear attending the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of GSVM Medical College were subjected to a colposcopic examination. 180 patients with suspected colposcopic findings were subjected to a colposcopic directed biopsy. Biopsy tissues were sent for histopathological examination out of which 50 biopsied samples were sent for immunostaining of CD-31. Statistical analysis was done. Results. Comparison of microvessel density (MVD) count by haematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) and immunostaining of CD31 in preinvasive group were 4.012 ± 2.57 and 5.44 ± 2.21, respectively, and in invasive group were 9.18 ± 2.32 and 12.82 ± 4.07, respectively, which showed that MVD was higher by CD31 both in preinvasive and invasive group, and it was statistically significant. Conclusion. Angiogenesis is a marker of tumor progression, and CD31 fixes up vessel better as compared to HE, so aggressiveness of the tumor can be better predicted by MVD-CD31 as compared to MVD-HE.

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