During an investigation of freshwater fungi in Jiangxi province, China, a new hyphomycetous species, Aquapteridospora jiangxiensis, was collected and isolated. A. jiangxiensis is characterized by its unbranched and guttulate conidiophores with multi-septa and swollen at the base, polyblastic conidiogenous cells with sympodial proliferations and denticles, guttulate conidia with a sheath. The new species was illustrated and a muti-loci (ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF1 and RPB2) phylogenetic tree was constructed. Pleurophragmium bambusinum was is transferred to Aquapteridospora based on molecular and morphological data. A key to the species of Aquapteridospora is presented in this paper.
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