In our study, we showed that upper limb muscle strength correlated with exercise capacity, QoL, dyspnea sensation. Identifying patients who have greater reductions in strength will allow early interventions with a multidisciplinary manner.

ÖzetAMAÇ: Sigara icen bir kijinin sagliginin korunmasi için yapilmasi gereken en önemli |ey sigaranin birakilmasidir. Bu çali §mada; Abstract sigara birakma programma alman hastalarda sigarayi birakmada etkili olan faktörlerin ve uygulanan tedavi yöntemlerinin etkisini degerlendirmeyi planladik. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEMLER:Sigara birakma poliklinigine baçvuran 400 olgu retroprospektif olarak çaliçmaya aimdi. Olgularm 3. ay sonu tedavi sonuçlarmm degerlendirilmesi planlandi. Olgularm demografik özellikleri, sigara içme davrani § ve tutumlari, Fagerstrom bagimiilik dereceleri, ejlik eden medikal ya da psikiyatrik hastaliklari, kullandiklari ilaçlar kaydedildi. Sigarayi birakan ve birakamayan olgular, özellikleri ve aldiklari tedaviler yönünden karjilaçtirildi.BULGULAR: Tüm grupta sigarayi birakma orani %36,5 bulundu. Sigarayi birakan olgularm ya § ortalamalari hafif derecede daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Diger demografik veriler benzerdi. Birakamayan grupta gunde içilen sigara sayisi daha fazlaydi (p<0,05). Olgularm %30,5'ine davranijsal egitim (DE), %14,5'ine DE-i-Nikotin Replasman Tedavisi (NRT), %2Tine DE-i-bupropion, %34'üne DE-t-vareniklin ba §lanmi|ti. Birakma oranlari sirasiyla; %18,9, %36,2, %39,3, %50,7 idi. Tedavi gruplari arasinda sigarayi birakma oranlari aniamli olarak farkliydi (p<0,001). Ayrica tedavi süreleri uzadikça birakma oranlarmm da arttigi görüldü. SONUÇ:Sigaranin birakilmasi zor ve zaman alan bir sureçtir. Bu sürecte tüm sigara icen ki §ilere yeterli davranijsal egitimin yaninda kontrendike olmayan etkinligi kanitlanmij bireye uygun farmakolojik destek tedavisi verilmelidir. Çalijmamizda da görüldügü gibi uygun tedavinin yeterli sürede verilmesi bajan oranini artiracaktir.ANAHTAR SÖZCÜKLER: Sigara birakma, davraniçsal egitim, nikotin replasman tedavisi (NRT), bupropion, varenikiin Geü? Tarihi/

Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether paranasal sinus dimensions and volume can be useful to identify gender and age estimation for ancient skulls using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and methods: CBCT scans of 32 ancient skulls of approximately 1000 years of age were included in this retrospective study. The gender and age estimation of the skulls were made by an independent anthropologist, which was considered as the gold standard. Paranasal sinuses' dimensions (width and height) and volumes of each sinus were measured from the CBCT data set that was linked to the three-dimensional rendering software (Anatomage, Invivo 5.2). All measurements were performed by an independent observer. Intra-observer analysis was made. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare paranasal sinus parameters in terms of age estimation and gender (p < 0.05). Results: The results demonstrated no statistically significant difference between measurements (p < 0.05). The measurements were found to be highly reproducible. The mean volumes of frontal and sphenoid sinus were found to be higher in males. The distance from anterior-posterior wall of sphenoid sinus in axial sections is larger in males (p > 0.05). The frontal sinus width and volume increased statistically with age above 60 years of age (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The paranasal volume and dimensions' measurements from CBCT data can be a promising technique to determine gender and age of ancient skulls because of its lower voxel sizes and higher resolution. (Folia Morphol 2019; 78, 2: 344-350)

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Background:The effect of MRI on microleakage of amalgam restorations is an important health issue that should be considered. If MRI application causes increase of microleakage, amalgam fillings should be reassessed after MRI and replaced if necessary.Objectives:The aim of this study is to compare the effect of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on microleakage of class II bonded amalgam versus classical amalgam restorations.Materials and Methods:Class II cavities (3 mm width × 1.5 mm depth) with gingival margins ending 1 mm below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) were prepared in 40 permanent molar teeth. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups. Cavities in the first and second groups were restored with dentin adhesive and amalgam (bonded amalgam), and those in the third and fourth groups with amalgam only. MRI was performed with the teeth specimens from the first and third groups. All specimens were then thermocycled at 5° to 55° C with a 30-second dwell time for 1000 cycles. The samples were then immersed in 0.5% methylene blue dye for 24 hours and sectioned longitudinally. Dye penetration at the occlusal and gingival margins was quantified by 15× stereomicroscopy. IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 21.0 (IBM Corp., Released 2012., IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) and MS-Excel 2007 programs were used for statistical analyses and calculations. “nparLD” module was used for F2_LD_F1 design analysis at R program. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:In teeth with amalgam filling, there were no significant differences of occlusal and gingival surface microleakage after MRI exposure. Occlusal and gingival surface microleakages were also similar with and without MRI in teeth with bonded amalgam filling.Conclusions:The results of this study suggest that MRI does not increase microleakage of amalgam restorations.