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The transport system plays an important role in the conditions of dynamic development of the national economy, reliability and regularity of transport provision. The unified transport system is a combination of means of communication of conveyances, all types of transport, industrial enterprises, transport organizations, providing transportation of goods and passengers. This article describes the main advantages, disadvantages and specifics of railway transport. Currently, the majority of transport and economic land connections between the countries of Europe and Central, East and Southeast Asia to the territory of the Russian Federation, to its transport system, due to the peculiarities of the geographical position of the Russian Federation. The characteristic of the main Russian shipping companies is given. The main objects of the infrastructure of the railway industry in Russia. The main problems of the functioning of the railway industry of the Russian Federation listed. A comparative assessment of the railway transport network of Russia, USA, China and India is present. A SWOT analysis conducted to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the Russian rail and road transport.

Advantages of specific modes of transport can be best take by employing various technologies of combined transport. In the up-to-date logistic schemes based on the “just-in-time” and “just-in-sequence” concepts, it is most appropriate to use railway service and inland water connection as the most environmentally friendly and effective modes designed and built for medium- and long-distance freight transportation. The development strategy of the Russian Federation’s inland water transport for the period until 2030 is aimed at providing conditions under which to improve the sustainability of domestic transport system with due regard to shifting the balance between transport modes by switching some portion of cargo traffic from overland modes of transport to inland water transport. The article considers the essence of multimodal and intermodal transportation. It is note that multimodal transportation is most favorable for the environment. The main goods supplied through intermodal transport are list. The technology of intermodal transport using water compounds in the Russian Federation and Europe is considered. The role of the state in the development of intermodal transport is investigate.

In this paper, the problem of managing various types of transportation under digitalization conditions is considered. Possible schemes of interaction between the subjects of the transport services market and various modes of transport under foreign trade are presented. It is recommended to take into account all types of interaction and coordination of activities of different modes of transport, as well as transport and other markets, when choosing a route for transport and freight flows.

An effective functioning of logistic chains through the use of intermodal transport inevitably necessitates elimination of potential constraints, which have a negative impact on the logistic chains implementation. The objective of the contribution is the analysis, definition as well as classification of constraints related to the logistic chains in the intermodal transport, which should enable to compare levels of constraints in different alternatives of the logistic chain implementation. Based on the comparison of the restriction levels, it is possible to select a more convenient way of the logistic chain implementation. The defined relevant constraints are assessed using scientific methods. These identified constraints have formed the basis for establishing a methodology, which enables to determine weights of constraints as well as to compare their levels on the basis of specific needs of entities.