Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to substantiate the necessity of the reform as the institutional basis for implementing "smart technologies" in the legal system of fighting crimes.Design/Methodology/Approach: The methodology of the research includes dialectical materialism and systemic analysis.Findings: In the age of the digital transformation of economy, society, and state, the Russian system of fighting crimes requires a reform. The authors perform a systemic analysis of the phenomena and processes related to smart technologies' entering the activities of law enforcement. This allows evaluating the possible consequences of smart technologies implementation in the modern criminally-remedial system of fighting crimes, which has formed in the conditions of autocracy and belongs to the investigatory type. Implementing smart technologies in the investigatory legal system could lead to total control over human and society, which moves Russia away from the ideals of democracy and legal state.Originality/Value: It is concluded that a reform of the two main institutions that determine the legal organization of fighting crimesprosecution and evidenceis required. This envisages a long-pending reform of pre-trial investigation: liquidation of investigatory authorities and the investigatory form of realization of their rights in application of criminal law and foundations of law enforcement.