Background: Dimerization of cystatin C initiates formation of amyloid fibrils in vascular walls. Results: Reactive oxygen species regulate cystatin C dimerization in cells of the hematopoietic system, which are major contributors to the total pool of circulating cystatin C. Conclusion: Cystatin C dimerization is regulated in hematopoietic cells. Significance: Cystatin C synthesis and dimerization might be manipulated for therapeutic gain.
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