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Smoking is a global health problem among health science students. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of smoking and to examine associated factors among health science students from five universities in Vietnam. Among 5946 participants (95.0% response rate), the smoking prevalence was 19.2% (95% CI:17.4–21.0%) among male students and 2.9% (95% CI:2.4–3.5%) among female students. In the multivariable regression models, significant factors for smoking were the perceived financial burden, the respondent’s year in university, a non-self-determined motivation profile, self-reported depression and/or anxiety, the level of vigorous physical activity, and alcohol drinking.

Background:  Evaluating the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance genes is essential in the clinical management of bloodstream infections (BSIs). Nevertheless, there are still limited studies in Northern Vietnam. AIM: This study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance profile and methicillin-resistant encoding genes of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causing BSIs in Northern Vietnam. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was done from December 2012 to June 2014 in two tertiary hospitals in Northern Vietnam. Tests performed at the lab of the hospital. RESULTS:  In 43 S. aureus strains isolating, 53.5 % were MRSA. Distribution of gene for overall, MRSA, and MSSA strains were following: mecA gene (58.1 %; 95.7%, and 15%), femA gene (48.8%, 47.8%, and 50%), femB gene (88.4%, 82.6%, and 95%). Antibiotic resistance was highest in penicillin (100%), followed by erythromycin (65.1%) and clindamycin (60.5%). Several antibiotics were susceptible (100%), including vancomycin, tigecycline, linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin. Quinolone group was highly sensitive, include ciprofloxacin (83.7%), levofloxacin (86%) and moxifloxacin (86%). CONCLUSION:  In S. aureus causing BSIs, antibiotic resistance was higher in penicillin, erythromycin, and clindamycin. All strains were utterly susceptible to vancomycin, tigecycline, linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin.

Background In high-risk patients with complex pulmonary aspergilloma but unable for lung resection, cavernostomy and thoracoplasty could be performed. This study aimed to evaluate this surgery compared two material used (table tennis ball and tissue expander) as a filler. Methods: The prospective study evaluated 63 in high-risk patients who had hemoptysis due to complex pulmonary aspergilloma that submitted to cavernostomy and thoracoplasty surgery from November 2011 to September 2018. Patients were allocated to the table tennis ball group (46 patients) and tissue expander group (17 patients). We evaluated at the time of before operation, six months and 24 months after operation. Results The most common comorbidity diseases were tuberculosis in two groups. Upper lobe occupied almost location. Hemoptysis symptoms plunged from time to time. Statistically significant Karnofsky score was observed in both groups. BMI showed slightly increasing but not statistically significant. Postoperative pulmonary functions (FVC and FEV1) have remained in both groups at all time points. The remarkable results were no death in the postoperative period, and long-term complication of surgery was low. There was no statistical significance between two groups in operative time, blood loss during operation, ICU length-stay time. Four patients died because of co-morbidity in 24 months follow-up. Conclusion: Cavernostomy and thoracoplasty was safe and effective surgery for the treatment of high-risk patients with complex pulmonary aspergilloma. There was no mortality related to surgery. The postoperative complications and long-term complication were low. The was no inferiority when compared table tennis ball group and tissue expander group. Keyword: Complex Pulmonary Aspergilloma (CPA), Hemoptysis, Cavernostomy, Thoracoplasty, Table Tennis Balls, Tissue expander,

BACKGROUND: Evaluating the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance genes is essential in the clinical management of bloodstream infections (BSIs). But there are still limited studies in Northern Vietnam. AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile and characteristics of subtypes genes in Escherichia coli causing BSIs in Northern Vietnam. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was done in the period from December 2012 to June 2014 in two tertiary hospitals in Northern Vietnam. Tests were performed at the lab of the hospital. RESULTS: In 56 E. coli strains isolating 39.29 % produced ESBL. 100% of the isolates harbored blaTEM gene, but none of them had the blaPER gene. The prevalence of ESBL producers and ESBL non-producers in blaCTX-M gene was 81.82%, and 73.53%, in blaSHV gene was 18.18% and 35.29%. Sequencing results showed three blaTEM subtypes (blaTEM 1, 79, 82), four blaCTX-M subtypes (blaCTX-M-15, 73, 98, 161), and eight blaSHV subtypes (blaSHV 5, 7, 12, 15, 24, 33, 57, 77). Antibiotic resistance was higher in ampicillin (85.71%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (64.29%) and cephazolin (50%). Antibiotics were still highly susceptible including doripenem (96.43%), ertapenem (94.64%), amikacin (96.43%), and cefepime (89.29%). CONCLUSION: In Escherichia coli causing BSIs, antibiotic resistance was higher in ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and cephazolin. Antibiotics was highly susceptible including doripenem, ertapenem, amikacin, and cefepime.