Gene
therapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of monogenic
disorders. Non-viral gene delivery systems including lipid-based DNA
therapeutics offer the opportunity to deliver an encoding gene sequence
specifically to the target tissue and thus enable the expression of
therapeutic proteins in diseased cells. Currently, available gene
delivery approaches based on DNA are inefficient and require improvements
to achieve clinical utility. In this Review, we discuss state-of-the-art
lipid-based DNA delivery systems that have been investigated in a
preclinical setting. We emphasize factors influencing the delivery
and subsequent gene expression in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. In addition, we cover
aspects of nanoparticle engineering and optimization for DNA therapeutics.
Finally, we highlight achievements of lipid-based DNA therapies in
clinical trials.
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