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Objective: The purpose of the study is to appraise the long-term effects of caries preventive interventions of the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH), Thailand: supervised toothbrushing (STB), dental sealant, and combined STB+sealant that are implemented for 6- to 15-year-olds by comparing with the base case using the System Dynamics Model (SDM). Method: The System Dynamics Model (SDM) was analyzed to compare the interventions, supervised toothbrushing (STB), sealant, and combined STB+sealant as intervention scenarios with the base case scenario. The effectiveness data of interventions set in the model were retrieved from meta-analyses and experts’ opinions. Results: The model established that the no caries population increased by 36.2%, 25.5%, and 18.6% while the caries population decreased by 8.1%, 5.6%, and 3.3% under combined STB+sealant, sealant, and supervised toothbrushing (STB) respectively compared to the base case at the age of 15 years old. From the above 20 years old to the elderly age, both individual and combined interventions have no favorable effect on reducing caries. On the other hand, the no caries population under the interventions is not significantly different from the base case during the elderly age. Conclusion: Combined STB+sealant is the most effective intervention among the interventions that are administered during the age of 6-15 years. The interventions given during these ages have effectiveness in caries reduction by about 15 years from when they are started. In addition, System Dynamics Model (SDM) would assist in comparing the interventions or policies as scenarios to indicate the most opportune one for the population.

Collaborative planning, forecasting and replenishment (CPFR) is one of the collaborative strategies in supply chain management that aims to coordinate the diverse processes of supply chain management. Despite being identified as playing an important role in supply chain performance improvement, the dynamic interactions among its subsystems have not been explored in previous research. This research aims to identify the interactions among effective enablers and the potential impact of each enabler on successful CPFR implementation through the development of a structural model and system dynamics simulation modelling. To reach this goal, significant enablers and results reported in previous research have been explored. The causal relationships among different variables have been analysed using through the application of system dynamics and stock and flow diagrams. A dynamic CPFR model is proposed based on a number of assumptions. The resulting causal loop helps the reader to better understand and learn the dynamic interactions of CPFR subsystems.

Nowadays, tunneling is applied to a variety of constructions such as subway station, water supply tunnel and underground mine. Tunnel safety is one of the most important factors of construction. Most tunneling is operated in remote area that is difficult to reach. This research aims to develop an alternative software for Android smartphone, which use for estimating preliminary rock mass stability and suggesting support method for the early state tunnel. Suitable rock mass classifications for tunnel are rock mass rating (RMR) and rock mass quality (Q system). They are applied to the application. Android operating system is chosen because it is the most popular operating system in the world. The application is programmed by the official programming software from Google, the Android Studio. PSU-RQ is the name of this application. PSU-RQ is easy to use because it reduced the complexity of the theories by numerical logic. The application results are verified by comparing with Excel standard worksheet. PSU-RQ is reliable and accurate. The application is tested in a tunneling case study as an example. Whenever a smartphone is available, the user can estimate preliminary rock mass stability and support method of tunnel instantly. However, long-term stability investigation is necessary.