W g is the critical factors to determine the upper operating frequency, impedance bandwidth, and impedance matching.ABSTRACT: This article proposes a low-cost switched-beam antenna using single antenna element for WLANs. This octagonal-shape antenna allows eight beam-patterns, which can be controlled by shorted-circuit terminations at different edges. The prototype of proposed antenna is constructed and tested to demonstrate its beam steering capability, compared with simulation results. Also the prototype is tested under real circumstance in existing WLAN infrastructure. The measured results reveal that signal strength can be improved using the proposed antenna over omnidirectional antenna utilized in these days.ABSTRACT: This letter presents a novel bio-radar system with phaselocked loop (PLL) for noncontact measurement of vital sign. As the leakage of the phase noise of local oscillator (LO) through antenna is dominant factor for the distances larger than about 30 cm, the performance of a bio-radar system can be improved with the PLL employment. The proposed bio-radar and PLL are implemented by using conventional commercial components, and the measured result shows that the bio-radar system performance is greatly improved with a PLL without any additional digital signal processing.

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