ROJAS-ALCAYAGA, G. A.; ALFARO, K.; RÍOS-ERAZO, M.; HERRERA, A. C. & BARAHONA, P.Music distraction effectiveness in dental anxiety and treatment adherence in 6-year-old children: A randomized clinical trial. Int. J. Odontostomat., 12(1):35-42, 2018. ABSTRACT:Dental anxiety can be a barrier to following healthy behaviours. Musical distraction is an effective strategy to reduce dental anxiety and improve treatment adherence. The aim was to determine the effect of musical distraction on dental anxiety and treatment adherence in 6-year-old children. Multicenter randomized control trial with 176 children who were allocated into two parallel groups. One group received usual dental care (N 88), and the other was exposed to musical distraction during usual dental care (N 88). The primary outcome was dental anxiety and secondary was oral health status and oral health care behaviours. Both were assessed at baseline, discharged and six-month follow-up. Mid/high dental anxiety was exhibited by 16.1 % of the children. Musical distraction had no effect on dental anxiety levels in the experimental compared with the control group at any of the time points assessed. The size effect was 0.35 and 0.15 (Cliff's Delta) for baseline-discharge and 0.57 and 0.35 for baseline-six month. Only 47.7 % of the sample attended at 6-month follow-up. Dental anxiety is not prevalent in the sample and is not beneficially reduced by musical distraction. The educational actions of the dental care programme are not sufficient to attain permanent long-term changes in oral health behaviour.

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Due to the fact that people live longer, population ageing has occurred, thus manifesting chronic diseases that have a multidimensional implication. The different diseases that a person may present can cause frailty and involve the oral health of the elderly. Oral health is related to general health as there is a link that is being analysed today. Thus, the concepts of functionality, geriatric syndromes, general frailty and oral frailty in the elderly must be internalized to carry out timely health care and improve the quality of life of the elderly. Therefore, there is a challenge that dentistry must face, mainly in the Latin American and Caribbean region.

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