The global organic food industry is a continuously expanding sector. Consumer preferences drive market development. Consumers who are concerned about issues such as healthy nutrition and reliable food supply have a positive attitude towards organic products. In this study, for 2135 consumers, the relationship between education and different demographic factors in organic product purchase preference was evaluated with the help of multinomial logistic regression analysis. It was determined that being a female consumer, being between the ages of 31-40, being a university and postgraduate graduate, being married, and having a household income above 30,001 TL were effective in the preference of organic product criteria. Regarding education, the likelihood of choosing the organic product standard over promotion was 1.02 times greater in the university graduate category and 2.23 times higher in the post-graduate category, compared to those who only completed primary school.

Knowledge sharing is the transfer of knowledge owned by individuals to other individuals within the organization within the scope of knowledge management. Knowledge sharing is vital for all organizations that aim for success. The concept of knowledge includes concepts such as innovation, development, research, learning, effectiveness, progress, and replacing what is wrong with what is right. Today, one of the common characteristics of developed countries is the updating of information and the effective use of the information network. Knowledge and the transfer and sharing of this knowledge between individuals affect the development of societies and countries, as well as businesses and organizational structures within businesses. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of knowledge sharing on innovative behavior for 890 academics. As a result of the structural equation model analysis, it is seen that knowledge sharing is positively and significantly related to innovative behavior (β=0.593; p<0.01).

Bir ülke ekonomisinin global düzeyde teknolojiye ulaşabilmesi, Ar-Ge ve teknoloji yaratmaya ilişkin odağında inovasyonun bulunduğu bir büyüme stratejisini uygulamasıyla mümkün hale gelebilmektedir. Yeni ürün ve üretim süreçlerinin oluşturulması veya mevcut ürün ya da üretim süreçlerinin iyileştirilmesi şeklinde ekonomik açıdan yarar elde edilmesini ifade eden inovasyon kavramı, ülkelerin sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyüme ve rekabet gücü elde edebilmeleri noktasında oldukça büyük bir öneme sahiptir. İnovasyon; global çapta rekabet üstünlüğü elde etmede, verimliliğin arttırılmasında, ekonomik büyümede ve buna bağlı olarak refah ve hayat standartlarının yükseltilmesinde önemli unsurlarından biri şeklinde görülmektedir. Özellikle yükselen ekonomiler için büyümenin itici gücü olarak teknolojik gelişmeler ve inovasyon büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yükselen ekonomilerde teknolojik gelişmelerin büyümeye etkisini panel eşbütünleşme analizinden yararlanarak ortaya koymaktır. Gerçekleştirilen analizle birlikte, değişkenler arasında uzun vadeli bir bağlantı belirlenmiştir. Uzun dönem katsayı tahminleri incelendiğinde, AR-GE ve PA değişkeni GSYİH üzerinde pozitif yönde istatistiksel açıdan ilişki bulunduğu görülmüştür. AR-GE değişkeni GSYİH değişkenini %25.2 arttırmaktadır. Diğer yandan, PA değişkeni GSYİH değişkenini %21.4 arttırmaktadır. Ayrıca, AR-GE ve PA değişkenlerinden GSYİH’ye doğru tek yönlü nedensellik saptanmıştır.

Gender equality is a critical factor for all ingredients of a healthy society and sustainable development. Therefore, measures to decrease gender inequalities in economic, social, and political life are important for the economic and social development of a society. This study analyzes the influence of education level and economic freedom on gender inequality in emerging markets over the 2000–2020 term through causality and cointegration tests. The results of the causality test uncover a bidirectional causality between education level, economic freedom, and gender inequality. In other words, there exists a mutual interaction among education level, economic freedom, and gender inequality in the short term. Furthermore, the findings of cointegration analysis indicate that education level and economic freedom have a negative impact on gender inequality in the long term, but education level is much more effective on gender inequality than economic freedom in nearly all emerging markets.

The worldwide serious deteriorations in environmental and social quality have led many countries to follow institutional, social, and economic policies eliminating the negative environmental and social costs of economic growth and development, urbanization, and population growth. This study investigates the influence of financial sector development and educational attainment on economic sustainability in a sample of BRICS economies over the 1995–2020 term through causality and cointegration tests. The results of the causality test find a bidirectional causal interplay between financial development and economic sustainability and a unilateral causal effect from educational attainment on economic sustainability. Furthermore, cointegration analysis unveils a long-term positive influence of financial development and educational attainment on economic sustainability, but the effect of educational attainment on economic sustainability is ascertained to be slightly higher when compared with that of financial sector development. As a result, both educational attainment and financial development with environmental and social measures can be useful instruments to achieve economic sustainability.