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Synthesis of a novel pyrene derivative sensor (Py-Met) based on amino acid and its fluorescent behavior for Hg(II) in water was investigated. Upon Hg(II) binding, the Py-Met-bearing sulfonamide group exhibited a considerable excimer emission at 480 nm along with a decrease of monomer emission at 383 nm. Py-Met allows a selective and sensitive ratiometric detection of Hg(II) without any interference from other metal ions.

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A pyrene derivative chemosensor (Pyr-WH) based on a dipeptide shows a highly sensitive ratiometric response to Ag(I) as well as silver nanoparticles in aqueous solution at physiological pH. Pyr-WH penetrated live HeLa cells and exhibits a ratiometric response to intracellular Ag(I). The binding mode of Pyr-WH with Ag(I) was characterized based on fluorescence changes in different pH, NMR, and ESI mass spectrometer experiments.