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We present two cases of renal zygomycosis caused by Apophysomyces elegans and Mycocladus corymbifer in previously healthy immunocompetent males and an overview of the disease in India. In both cases a percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) was performed and the etiologic agents were identified by direct microscopy and culture. Amphotericin B was administered and both patients recovered completely. A review of the literature revealed 42 cases of renal zygomycosis in India. The majority of them were from the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, in North India. In contrast to cases from the developed world where transplant recipients and patients with hematological malignancies seem to be most vulnerable to zygomycosis, the most common risk factor in India is uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. However, renal zygomycosis is an exception and the patients in both of our cases had no identifiable underlying disorder and recovered successfully without nephrectomy. It is important to emphasize that treatment of A. elegans must be aggressive and lipid formulations of antifungals are typically favored due to their limited side effects profile and ability of the clinician to use higher doses. A high index of clinical suspicion and knowledge of the varied manifestations in diagnosing this condition cannot be overemphasized.

Palak (Beta vulagaris var. bengalensis Hort.) is one of the most popular leafy vegetables widely grown in India. This crop is severely affected by leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora beticola leading to brown coloured spots on the leaves which hinders the market quality of the leaves. All media are not equally good for all fungi, nor there is a universal substrate or artificial medium, upon which all fungi can grow. So, different media including both synthetic and non-synthetic were tried for C. beticola in the present experiment. Cultural studies of C. beticola grown on different solid media showed that Potato dextrose agar and Oat meal agar were good for growth. Among the nine liquid media evaluated, maximum dry mycelial weight of the fungus was obtained in Soypeptone broth which was significantly superior to all other media. Temperature requirement of the fungus was found 25°C where good growth was observed. How to view point the article : Poornima and Hegde, Yashoda R. (2014). Cultural characteristics of Cercospora beticola sacc. causing leaf spot of palak.

Agriculture, farming or Animal husbandry is a vital occupation since the history of mankind. The name agriculture represents all entities that came under the linear sequence of links of food chain for human beings. As humans are the smartest living species on this planet, so their smartness always provokes them to change and to innovate. This provoking has led to invention of wheel, advancements in living standards and styles, languages, life spending methodologies and countless more achievements. As we know in present era there is need of soil and temperature monitoring system which is based on the technology of Internet of things. Similarly some time due to extra water level those crops are under danger our condition so for those type of issues there is need of soil moisture and environmental temperature monitoring system so by using of that system farmer can take decision for their crops. Right now there is some technology are available which are based on GPRS but according to us GPRS is not a good solution because GPRS technology have some connectivity issue.

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