Researched regimes of engine operation without load: 1 – test of the original engine; 2 – test with disconnection of four cylinders by stopping the fuel supply; 3 – test with the disconnection of four cylinders by simultaneously stopping the fuel supply and the absence of pumping losses of the cylinder-piston group (CPG) of the disconnected cylinders. It was established that when the crankshaft rotation frequency increases from 1400 min-1 to 2550 min-1 when the fuel supply to half of the cylinders is turned off, the fuel economy changes from 0 to 0.53 kg/h. When the fuel is turned off and there are no CPG pumping losses, the fuel economy changes from 1.2 kg/h to 3.88 kg/h. Recommendations have been developed that allow to increase the efficiency of wheeled vehicles by 11-26% by disconnecting a part of the cylinders.

The article proposes the use of neural network technology to solve the problems of diagnosing the automobile and tractor engines technical conditions. This allow to work with real data obtained for an individual and reference (average)  engine, as well as with data calculated using the mathematical model, based on the comparison of which researcher can take informed decisions about the nature and location of a particular defect. This improves the functional stability of the wheeled vehicle and improves the performance of its intelligent on-board systems. It has been proven that in order to reduce the redundancy of a neural network, it is necessary to reduce the number of neurons in the hidden layer for a given level of network training error. For diagnosing the automobile or tractor engine, the input signals are voltages received in an artificial neural network from sensors that are standard in the engine, and additionally indicate the technical conditions.

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