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Morphological classification of dwarf galaxies into early and late type, though can account for some of their origin and characteristics but does not help to study their formation mechanism. So an objective classification using Principal Component analysis together with K means Cluster Analysis of these dwarf galaxies and their globular clusters is carried out to overcome this problem. It is found that the classification of dwarf galaxies in the Local Volume is irrespective of their morphological indices. The more massive (M V 0 < −13.7) galaxies evolve through self-enrichment and harbor dynamically less evolved younger globular clusters (GCs) whereas fainter galaxies (M V 0 > −13.7) are influenced by their environment in the star formation process.

With a view to develop nutritious ridge gourd variety, a field as well as a laboratory study was conducted to quantify and enumerate the genetic control for antioxidant properties and mineral content in fruits. The hybrids were found to be superior over their parents for various nutritional traits such as ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and total phenolics content; in vitro antioxidant activity in the form of DPPH-RSA, ABTS-RSA and CUPRAC; and P, K, Ca, Na, S, Fe, Zn and Mn content in the fruits. All the nutritional parameters exhibited higher values of dominance variance over the additive genetic variance, more than unity value of average degree of dominance and low narrow-sense heritability (\50 %). The antioxidants and mineral content in the fresh fruits are predominantly attributed by the non-additive genetic component. Hence, the various tools of hybrid breeding would be useful to breed antioxidants-and minerals-rich genotypes of ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula Roxb.).

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