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Germ cell tumor is the most common malignancy in men aged 15-35 years. About five percent of the malignant germ cell tumors are extragonadal in origin. However metastatic deposit of seminoma in retroperitoneal lymph node without presence of any tumor in the testes is uncommon. We present a case of metastatic retroperitoneal seminoma as the initial presentation of a burned out testicular primary. The patient presented with pain in abdomen and back. Ultrasonography of the testis showed a lesion, which after high inguinal ochidectomy was reported as fibrosis only, without any tumor, i.e. burned out phenomenon. A laparotomy biopsy of the retroperitoneal lymph node mass was taken and reported as metastatic seminoma after immunohistochemistry. After 14 months of chemotherapy there is a residual lymph node of less than 3cm, serum tumor markers are normal and the patient is under observation.Keywords Seminoma . Burned out phenomenon . Testis . Extragonadal germ cell tumor Case ReportA 33 year old Indian male presented to our Institute with pain in abdomen and back intermittently, for 3 months duration. Patient is a tobacco chewer and hypothyroid under treatment. There was no significant history, physical examination was normal.Ultrasonography (USG) of abdomen revealed a heterogeneous mass in the retroperitoneum. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of abdomen showed a rim enhancing lesion 6.1×5.0 cm at aortic bifurcation [ Fig. 1a]. Trucut biopsy was done and histopathological examination (HPE) reported as poorly differentiated carcinoma or NonHodgkin's lymphoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed CD117 positivity in the tumor cells, suggestive of seminoma. The tumor cells were negative for pancytokeratin, CD30 and CD45.To find out the primary, USG of bilateral testes was done, which showed a heterogenous lesion of 1.5×1.2 cm in the left testicle [ Fig. 1b]. Testicular tumor serum markers human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), alphafetoprotein (AFP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were normal.Left high inguinal orchidectomy was done. On gross, a whitish scar like lesion was noted [Fig. 1c]; microscopically no tumor was found; only fibrosis was seen. Re-grossing and re-examination of the specimen was reported as same.Laparotomy and biopsy from the retroperitoneal lymph nodal mass was done. HPE showed neoplastic cells in sheets and nests with intervening thin fibrous septae and scattered lymphocytes. The cells had vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli and pale cytoplasm [ Fig. 1d], suggestive of (1) metastatic/ primary seminoma, (2) metastatic/primary poorly differentiated carcinoma. No definite lymph nodal architecture could be

Aim:The study was done to evaluate the fracture resistance of carbon, glass fiber, and zirconia posts.Materials and Methods:Forty-five human premolars indicated for orthodontic extraction were subjected to root canal treatment and obturated with gutta-percha. All the teeth were decoronated and mounted in acrylic block. Then, teeth were equally divided into three groups: (a) carbon, (b) glass fiber, and (c) zirconia post group. Post space was prepared and particular post was cemented in post space. Core buildup was made with composite. A compressive load was applied using universal testing machine and fracture force was measured in MPa. The data were tabulated, and statistical evaluation was done using statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 21.0., IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA, using one-way analysis of variance for analysis of difference and Bonferroni post hoc test.Results:Zirconia endodontic post had good fracture resistance (489.2 MPa) when compared with carbon (258.4 MPa) and glass fiber-reinforced post (348.7 MPa). Fracture resistance was statistically significant between test groups P>0.001.Conclusion:The present study concluded that zirconia had good fracture resistance compared to glass fiber and carbon posts.

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