Background: Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disorder that is seen much more commonly in females than in males. This could perhaps be due to factors that confer protection against the development of hypothyroidism in males. The male sex hormone testosterone would have protective action on the different systems, probably due to a mechanism of action which is complementary. Aims and Objective: To investigate the association between serum testosterone level, audiovisual reaction time, and working memory score in newly diagnosed hypothyroid and euthyroid men. Materials and Methods: This was a comparative study. 15 newly diagnosed hypothyroid males between 18 and 45 years of age, recruited from the Endocrinology Department of MS Ramaiah Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, and 15 euthyroid males were assessed for audiovisual reaction time, working memory, serum testosterone, T4, and serum thyroid hormones (TSH). Results: Independent t-test between hypothyroid and euthyroid groups revealed that there was statistically significant difference in group mean audio-visual reaction time, working memory, serum T4, and TSH levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Hypothyroid patients had longer audiovisual reaction time and the working memory scores were reduced. The serum T4 level was lower and serum TSH level was higher, but the serum testosterone level was not significantly different compared to euthyroid subjects.

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Background: Prediabetes is the early stage of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Altered glucose metabolism, atherosclerosis, and inflammation of blood vessels are seen in prediabetes. This may lead to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Eventrelated potential P300 can easily detect cognitive decline before the appearance of any neurological manifestations. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study is to assess and compare the P300 latencies in normal subjects and individuals with prediabetes. Materials and Methods: The study included 25 individuals with prediabetes and 25 healthy controls between the age group of 20 and 50 years. After obtaining informed consent, the study subjects were evaluated by history, general physical, and systemic examination. Serum HbA1c level was estimated. P300 was recorded using the standard auditory oddball paradigm from the vertex (Fz, Cz, and Pz) in response to stimuli presented monaurally through head phones. The peak latencies of P300 of target stimuli were calculated. Results: Mean P300 latency in normal individuals was 305.15 ms ± 27.80 and in individuals with prediabetes 383.98 ms ± 22.02 which is statistically significant (P ˂ 0.05). Conclusion: Increase in P300 latencies indicates the existence of a cognitive decline in individuals with prediabetes compared to healthy individuals.

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