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The root and latex of Calotropis gigantea were screened for its antimicrobial and phytochemical activities. The solvents used for the roots and latex extraction were n-hexane, benzene, acetone, ethanol, aqueous. The extract was tested against infectious disease causing bacterial such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus using the well diffusion method. The aqueous, ethanolic and acetone extract of root of calotropis gigantea inhibition against all the test microbe ranging from 10 mm to 16 mm diameter inhibitory zone. The aqueous and ethanolic extract of latex of calotropis gigantea inhibition against all the test microbe ranging from 10 mm to 18 mm diameter inhibitory zone. In present study, bacterial extract showed a varying zone of inhibition of the growth of tested organism than n-hexane, benzene, ethanol, and aqueous. Phytochemical properties of root and latex of Calotropis gigantea obtain from n-hexane, benzene, acetone, ethanol and aqueous extracts were investigated. The results confirmed that presence of antibacterial activity and phytochemical in the shade dried extract of Calotropis gigantea against the human pathogenic organisms.

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Background: It has been claimed that the turndown of insect population due to strengthening agriculture may have led to a reduction in the number of farmland birds some autecological studies support this postulate. Insect abundance is significantly associated with bird density measures large scale invertebrate sampling was done using suction traps and results showed that with time as food quality and quantity changes there is a decline in farmland birds. Method: The study was conducted for a period of one year, point count method was adopted to record these parameters. Relevant field guides were used to identify observed bird and insect species. Several avian species were seen preying on several insects. Such instances were listed and we also concluded about the insectivorous nature of several avian species based on sightings. Results: In all the four sites collectively, order Lepidoptera of Insect fauna is dominant in all the four study sites. Several anthropogenic stresses were reported in the present study, these activities should be checked regularly and must be prohibited. During three time slots, the activity of birds was recorded and family wise bird activity were observed. Results showed that there were few species common in all the three-time slots and some disparity was recorded in their availability in the morning, noon, and evening respectively.