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No abstract

Neonatal appendicitis is a rare clinical entity associated with remarkable morbidity and mortality. Appendicular perforation is common and the diagnosis is usually made intra-operatively. The causative etiology of neonatal perforated appendicitis (NPA) is a subject of debate and has not been elucidated. Although many etiologic theories exist, increasing evidence suggests a subset of NPA cases may represent a form of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) localized to the appendix. We herein present a review of the current literature to include cases of NPA attributed to localized NEC. A high index of clinical suspicion and early laparotomy are recommended.

No abstract

Due to their excellent tribology, ceramics are increasingly used for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in young patients. Fracture rates for contemporary ceramics range from 0% to 0.004%. Recently, ceramic liners are encased in a titanium sleeve to further decrease the chances of fracture. We encountered 1 case of a metal-encased acetabular liner fracture in a ceramic-on-ceramic articulation in a series of 764 hips. Our literature review revealed no reports of metal-encased ceramic liner fracture. A 60-year-old woman presented 27 months after a bilateral ceramic-on-ceramic THA. She reported mechanical grinding and clicking from the left hip on extension. There was no history of trauma or fall. Examination revealed a nonantalgic gait and audible-palpable crepitations on the left hip. Range of motion of the left hip was intact with no subluxation. Radiographs revealed fractured ceramic insert and an excessively anteverted socket on the left side. Intraoperative findings revealed gross impingement in the form of indentation of the metal femoral neck against the elevated metal rim encasing the liner. Revision THA was performed using an uncemented polyethylene liner while retaining the well-fixed cup and stem. The Harris Hip Score at 4.5-year follow-up was 100, with no evidence of osteolysis or polyethylene wear.