INTRODUCTION Globally the population is ageing rapidly. According to WHO it is projected that the number of persons aged 60 or over is expected to more than triple by 2100. Mental health and emotional well-being are as important in older age as at any other time of life. As estimated by WHO, unipolar depression occurs in 7% of the general elderly population. 1 Multiple social, psychological, and biological factors determine the level of mental health of a person at any point of time. As well as the typical life stressors common to all people, many older adults lose their ability to live independently because of limited mobility, chronic pain, frailty or other mental or physical problems, and require some form of long-term care. In fact, depression is a common cause of disability in older adults. Among its consequences are reduced life satisfaction and quality, social deprivation, loneliness, cognitive decline, ADL limitations, suicide and increased non-suicide mortality. Mental health has an impact on physical health and vice versa. All of these factors can result in isolation, loss of independence, loneliness and psychological distress in older people. Depression is both under diagnosed and undertreated in primary care settings. Symptoms of depression in older adults are often overlooked and untreated because they coincide with other late life problems.

In recent years substance use has increased greatly throughout the world. Adolescence is the critical period when the first initiation of substance use takes place. Interventions at the adolescent age are effective to bring about lifestyle modifications. A community-based, cross-sectional study was carried out among 260 randomly selected adolescents in an urban slum area, with the objective of studying the prevalence and determinants of substance use among adolescents. The adolescent age group was selected as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) (10 - 19 years). The overall prevalence of substance use was 32.7%. About 31% initiated substance use at 13 - 15 years of age, and the reason was peer pressure in 52.9%. Education of the study subject, education of parents, and substance use by parents and by peers were significantly associated with substance use. Children and parents should be educated to prevent substance use. There was a need to change the social environment.

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INTRODUCTION Food which is defined as an early article manufactured, sold or represented for the use as food or drink for human consumption or any item that enters into or is used in composition, preparation or preservation of any food or drink , is an important basic necessity , it's procurement, preparation and consumption are vital for sustenance of life. 1 Food handler is defined as a person in food trade or someone professionally associated with it, such as an inspector, who in his routine work comes into direct contact with food in the course of production, processing, packaging or distribution. 1

Background: Due to advancement in the medical science, the life expectancy is showing an increase in every census. Hence there is also growing demand to have good quality of life among the elderly. The objective of the study was to assess and compare the health status of elderly in urban areas of Shapur and rural areas of Gummadidala.Methods: A Community based cross sectional study was carried out in rural areas located at Gummadidala, Nallavelli, Anantharam and in urban areas located at Shapur, Kalavathinagar, Subashnagar among geriatric aged people above 60 years. Study was conducted over a period of eight months from August 2017 to March 2018.Results: Overall almost all diseases were more common in rural elders compared to the urban elders except gynecological diseases. Among these hypertension, ear diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, psychological disorders, cancer and neurological diseases were significantly more common in rural elders than urban elders (p<0.05). Only gynecological diseases were significantly more common in urban women and this may be due to more percentage of hysterectomies among rural females.Conclusions: Elderly people in the rural areas are more prone to suffer from diseases as compared to their urban counterparts.