This paper proposes a SUGPDS model based on Detection and Isolation algorithm and smart sensors, namely micro phasor measurement unit, smart sensing and switching device, phasor data concentrator, and ZigBee technology, etc. for the identification, classification, and isolation of the various fault occurs in the underground power cable in the distribution system. The proposed SUGPDS is a quick and smart tool in supervising, managing, and controlling various faults and issues and maintaining the reliability, stability, and uninterrupted flow of electricity. First, the SUGPDS model is analyzed using a distributed parameter approach. Then, the proper arrangement of the system required for the implantation of SUGPDS is demonstrated using figures. The Phasor data concentrator plays an essential role in developing the detection and classification report for identification and classification. Finally, smart sensing and switching device installed at a different location isolated the faulty phase from a healthy network. This approach helps to decrease power consumption. Hence, SUGPDS has super abilities compared to the underground power distribution system. The effectiveness of the proposed method and model is demonstrated via figures and tables. Keywords Fault detection and isolation • Micro phasor measurement unit (µPMU) • Underground power cable • Phasor data concentrator (PDC) • Smart sensing and switching device (SSSD) • Smart underground power distribution system (SUGPDS) • Short-circuit fault • Open-circuit fault • Ground fault

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Abstract:The basic control objectives of a power system are system voltage control, system frequency control, protection and economic operation. Reactive power control is a subset of overall system control and stability. A power system is said to be well designed if it gives a good quality of reliable supply. By good quality is said meant the voltage levels are maintained within the reasonable limits. If the voltage variation is more than a pre specified value, the performance of the equipment suffers and the life of most of the equipment is sacrificed. When power is supplied to a load through transmission line keeping sending end voltage constant, the load voltage undergoes variations depending upon the magnitude of the load. The higher the load greater is the voltage variation. The transmission line distributed parameters through out the line, on light loads or at no loads become predominant and consequently the line supplies charging VAR (generates reactive power). In order to maintain the terminal voltage at the load bus adequate, reactive reserves are needed. FACTS devices like SVC can supply or absorb the reactive power at receiving end bus or at load end bus in transmission system, which helps in achieving better economy in power transfer. The fuzzy control has emerged as one of the most active and fruitful areas for research in the applications of fuzzy set theory. Fuzzy control is based on fuzzy logic -a logical system which is much closer in sprit to

In the recent time Chhattisgarh establish new power hub in India but Chhattisgarh rural area does not have any electricity. With the simple and cheap arrangement we can provide electricity in rural area. Lots of village is not connected with power grid. We can generate electricity by use of biogas, solar, wind etc. By the use of these, there are negligible chances of pollution. With the help of photovoltaic cell and wind energy, we can produce electricity in the hilly areas and field areas. Government also promoted non conventional energy sources and provide lots of concession in the equipment of solar energy and wind energy power station. This paper presents an analysis of power supply using Solar and Wind hybrid energy in south areas of Chhattisgarh. This area includes parts of Dantewada, Jagadalpur, Bastar, and Kondagao. There are some Hilly tribal belts in south Chhattisgarh where the density of population is less than 100 persons per Sq. kilometre. Geographically this is hilly area where people live in scattered huts in mountain area where it is very costly to supply electricity to each and every hut. To enlighten these huts in dark nights and to provide them electricity for household use in each and every session is the target. Hybrid wind-solar Energy may be a boon for this areas .All the related data and graph s includes in this paper, establishment of hybrid renewable power system. The other non conventional method of method of power generation may be such as solar cells, fuel cells, thermo electric generation, thermionic convertor, wind power generation, solar power generation tidal power generation. There is also need to improve the utilization generating equipment take corrective measures to improve reliability of the electric power system and take care environmental aspects of energy generation.

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