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A simple, green, and efficient method is introduced for the synthesis of 2-aryl-2,3-dihydroquinolin-4(1H)-ones under mild reaction conditions with improved yields by intramolecular cyclization of o-aminochalcones with zirconyl nitrate [Zn(O)(NO3)2·nH2O] as a water-tolerant Lewis-acid catalyst.

A simple, green, and efficient method is presented for the synthesis of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles from reaction of oaminophenols, o-aminothiophenols, and aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes using samarium triflate as a reusable acid catalyst under mild reaction conditions in aqueous medium.

Water-tolerant samarium triflate is found to be a suitable catalyst for the condensation of o-aminophenols and o-aminothiophenols with various aldehydes in aqueous ethanol. -(GOREPATIL, P. B.; MANE, Y. D.; INGLE*, V. S.; Synlett 24 (2013) 17, 2241-2244, http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1339758 ; Dep. Chem., Shri Chhatrapati Shivaji Coll., Omerga 413 606, India; Eng.) -Mais 10-146