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BackgroundAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis. Data on the incidence of ACC, however, are scarce and not recent. The purpose of this study was to characterize the tumor and the patients developing ACC over the last four decades using a large population based database.MethodsWe identified all cases of ACC diagnosed between 1973 - 2014 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-18 registry. Descriptive analyses were used for all extracted demographic, clinical, pathological, therapeutic and survival data, and were compared between the four time periods of 1973 to 1984, 1985 to 1994, 1995 to 2004 and 2005 to 2014 using Chi-square tests for categorical variables and one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables.ResultsThere were a total of 2,014 cases of ACC between 1973 and 2014 with an age-adjusted incidence of 1.02 per million populations. The median age at diagnosis was 55 years with the majority of them being females and whites. The proportion of cases by different genders, races and age at diagnosis had not changed significantly over time. These malignancies were mostly the only primary malignancy, unilateral and of high grades at diagnosis. Surgical resection of the tumor remained the mainstay of treatment. However, there was a significant increase in the use of adjuvant radiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone in recent times. The median survival time was 17 months, but continues to decrease in recent time periods.ConclusionsACC continues to be a rare malignancy in the United States. However, most cases continue to be diagnosed only in advanced stages and are associated with poor survival. These findings underline the need for specific diagnostics tools with new and more effective treatment options.

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The selective MAO‐B inhibition is greatly influenced by the degradation pathways of various biogenic amines. So the design and development of diverse class of MAO‐B inhibitors are considered as an effective adjuvant therapy of various neurodegenerative disorders. Recent studies documented that introduction of an electron rich linker between two aryl or heteroaryl rings explored as a promising structural framework of the inhibition of MAO‐B. The electrophilicity and flexibility character of the linker can anchor different orientation of binding mode in both entrance and substrate cavity of MAO‐B. The current review focus on the design aspect, synthetic route and structure activity relationships (SARs) various class of selective MAO‐B inhibitors like chalcones, coumarins, chromones, pyrazolines, xanthines, isatins, FDA approved analogs etc.