Cystic malformations of the cystic duct should be recognized as a distinct type of choledochal cyst and should be added as type VI cyst in Todani's classification.

The MRI findings described in this report are very characteristic of AVN of spine. Clinical and radiologic correlation could help in making the diagnosis and avoid unnecessary investigations.

We present a simplistic approach to determine the electronic-bandgap (E g ) and the exciton binding energy (E x ) of hybrid perovskite (ABX 3 where, A= CH 3 NH 3 + , B = Pb 2+ , X = Cl, Br or I ion) semiconductor film. In this study, we show the role of the halide anion (X -) on E g and E x using a simple room temperature UV-Vis absorption spectrum measurements and model our results using Elliot's theory of Wannier exciton model to determine the E g and E x . We also found that the disorder primarily arises from structure and not composition disorder. This is just a consequence of the fact the Urbach tail, which is a measure of disorder is reasonably independent of the halide anion among three perovskite films.Index terms -electronic bandgap, exciton binding energy, perovskites, photovoltaics, urbach energy.

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