Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) infection is a rare cause of meningoencephalitis. Brain abscess represents only 1–10% of Listeria central nervous system (CNS) manifestations. The typical finding on magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the brain is ring enhancement after contrast administration. We report a 71-year-old female patient with anal squamous cell carcinoma who developed a fever and deterioration of mental status caused from a brain abscess. L. monocytogenes is a rare pathogen of thalamic brain abscess.