Introduction: Treatment of the pilonidal sinus, due to the various surgery method, remains the current topic of discussion during surgeon meetings around the world. The newest methods of treatment consist in the excision and simultaneous closure of the wound with the cleft lift techniques. One of such methods is the Bascom 2 technique widely used in the world and less popular in Poland. Aim of the study: To evaluate the results of treatment of pilonidal cysts using the Bascom 2 method performed by one operator. Material and method: 50 patients (40 men, 10 women), Avg. 30.6 years of age, All patients treated with the Bascom 2 method in one surgical ward by one operator (resident during specialization training) with the use of a uniform surgical care for all operational protocols. The following were assessed: BMI, average hospitalization time, pain, post-operative complications, wound healing time, patient's quality of life, and the percentage of recurrences after surgery. The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 52 months. Results: Average BMI 27.13 kg / m2. Avg. time of hospitalization 2.95 days. Postoperative pain in the first 24 hours was on average 4.55 points. (+/- 2.24 points); on the 10th day of. 2.04 points (+/- 1.58 points); in the 30th day of the 0.76 points (+/- 1.1 points). Pain after healing 0.14 points (+/- 0.40 points). Postoperative complications occurred in 28.57% of patients (partial wound dehiscence (16.32%), serum leak (10.2%), hematoma (6.12%), total wound dehiscence (0%), wound infection (0%). The average time of full healing was 2.94 weeks. The recurrence occurred in one patient (2.04%). Conclusions: Bascom 2 method is characterized by low recurrence rate and short wound healing time. It is a safe, effective and patient-accepted treatment method. Statistically significantly improves the patient's quality of life one year after surgery in terms of both physical and mental health.

Objectives: One of the most serious complications of vaginal delivery is 3rd and 4th degree perineal tear and its incorrect management results in anal incontinence. Animal-based anatomical models of childbirth-induced perineal tear are an important element of the physicians' practical training [1]. The proposed new model, prepared using porcine tongue and intestine, closely mimics all the tissues and organs subjected to injury during complicated deliveries and constitutes an educational opportunity for the reconstruction of the injuries. The objective of this paper was to present a new porcine model of the perineum and to evaluate the utility of this model in the training of physicians on the reconstruction of the 3rd and 4th degree perineal tear during childbirth. Material and method: We presented a preparation method of the proposed model and a calculation of the amount of time and costs required for its preparation. The utility of the model was assessed using a questionnaire completed by the participants of a workshop conducted with the model. Results: We found that 95% of the respondents had never practiced perineal reconstruction on any model. According to 85% of the respondents, our model was very similar to natural tissues. According to 95% of the respondents, the simulated model of the perineal tear satisfactorily mimicked the real-life situation. Conclusion: The presented model is cheap and easy to prepare. It satisfactorily mimics the tissues and tissue injuries caused by the tear, making it helpful in training physicians on the reconstruction of 3rd and 4th degree perineal tear.

The proportion of five-year survival in the study group and control group was respectively 46% and 71% (p <0.0001). The percentage of five-year survival among patients undergoing elective procedure in both centers were respectively for Wołomin and Łódź 58% and 73% (p = 0.008). The proportion of 5-year survival among "younger" patients (<70) was respectively in Wołomin and Łódź 64% and 81% (p = 0.004) for "older" patients with (> 70) 50% and 60% (p = 0.6747) Conclusions. Overall results of surgical treatment of patients with colorectal cancer in the district hospital are inferior to treatment results in a highly specialized center. The population treated in the district hospital is statistically significantly different in comparison to patients treated in highly specialized center. The following differences were captured: severity of the disease, age and type of indication (elective vs emergent). The diffrences has an influence on the outcomes. The five years survival for patients > 70 years undergoing elective procedure is not statistically different between the district hospital and highly specialized center.

BackgroundThis paper reports a case of an 87-year-old female patient who was admitted for an emergency operation due to massive hemorrhage of an ulceration localized on a huge neck tumor. Post-interventional diagnosis indicated hidradenocarcinoma. Hidradenocarcinoma is a rare skin neoplasm. It can coincide with adenoma, may develop through its malignant transformation or develop as a malignant tumor from the beginning. It may be found in all dermal localizations. It may develop metastases or appear in the diffuse form.Material and methodsSurgical excision of the tumor was performed obtaining a surgical margin, completed with excision of local lymph nodes and multiple layer suturing. Due to lack of the patient's consent, she has not been qualified for adjuvant therapy.ResultsControl examination 6 and 12 months later showed no signs of local recurrence or lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: Surgical excision of apocrine hidradenocarcinoma with a surgical margin could present a good therapeutic effect in spite of lack of adjuvant therapy.

Japoński cud gospodarczy budzi od dawna podziw na całym świecie. Jego podstawą była bardzo aktywna rola państwa, które kładło od lat 50. XX wieku przede wszystkim nacisk na wspieranie rozwoju dużych przedsiębiorstw. Taka polityka już się nie sprawdza, ponieważ Japonia od 20 lat przeżywa okres stagnacji gospodarczej. Kolejne rządy prowadziły starania w celu pobudzenia japońskiej gospodarki. Obecnie Japonia dostrzega coraz większe znaczenie sektora MŚP i to właśnie w nim widzi szansę na polepszenie swojej sytuacji społeczno-gospodarczej. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie przypadku kształtowania przez japoński rządu polityki wobec sektora MŚP. S ł o w a k l u c z o w e: Japonia; sektor MŚP; małe i średnie przedsiębiorstwa; polityka gospodarcza K l a s y f i k a c j a J E L: A1; P48 WSTĘP Nauki o zarządzaniu od dawna interesują się japońskim cudem gospodarczym, który nastąpił po II wojnie światowej. Pomimo przegranej wojny kraj ten zdołał powstać i stać się czołową gospodarką świata [Piwowarski,