ABSTRACT. The grape phylloxera [Viteus vitifoliae (FITCH, 1855)] is reported in the Polish fauna for the first time. Adult females and galls are described, and information on its biology and distribution is summarized and commented on.

So far in Poland 7 aphid species developing only holocyclically have been observed on maize. Observations which were carried out in the Wielkopolska region in 2004-2012 revealed an occurrence of 5 aphid species. For the first time, in 2012, anholocyclic development of all the observed aphid species was recorded. Among them, new host races of Rhopalosiphum padi and Sipha maydis were isolated, as strict monophagous on maize. Their distinction was found in the studies conducted in environmental chamber conditions.

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Bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) is the most abundant aphid species on cereals in Poland. It represents approximately 80% of all cereal aphids. Its anholocyclic forms are the most important vectors of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). These forms are new among the Polish population of R. padi. Their changes in development are the result of higher temperatures. High spring and summer temperatures initiate a change in the run of R. padi's life cycle, which begins to reproduce by means of permanent parthenogenesis. In autumn, this aphid does not fly back to the primary host but inhabits wild grasses. It is in autumn that winter cereals emerge. This results in what appears to be a new problem because this viral infection spreads in warmer environmental conditions.

Lupin plants are frequently damaged by various herbivorous invertebrates. Significant among these are slugs and aphids, which sometimes attack the same plants. Relationships between aphids, slugs and food plant are very interesting. Grazing by these pests on young plants can lead to significant yield losses. There is evidence that the alkaloids present in some lupin plants may reduce grazing by slugs, aphids and other invertebrates. In laboratory study was analyzed the relationships between aphid Aphis craccivora and slug Deroceras reticulatum pests of legumes Lupinus angustifolius. It was found that the presence of aphids significantly reduced slug grazing on the plants. The lupin cultivars with high alkaloid content were found to be less heavily damaged by D. reticulatum, and the development of A. craccivora was found to be inhibited on such plants.