Sumberdaya ikan demersal di perairan Pangandaran mendominasi hasil tangkapan sebesar 32,90 % dari total produksi ikan secara keseluruhan, pada tahun 2015 jenis ikan layur (Lepturacanthus savala) berkontribusi sebanyak 47,31 % dari total produksi ikan demersal, merupakan salah satu jenis ikan demersal yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek biologi dan parameter populasi L. savala di perairan Pangandaran. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni – Desember 2015, data yang terkumpul meliputi panjang dan berat ikan, jenis kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad, berat gonad, serta data statistik perikanan. Analisis parameter populasi didasarkan pada data length-frequency panjang dan dilakukan dengan bantuan program FiSAT II (FAO-ICLARM Stock Assesment Tools II). Hasil menunjukkan hubungan panjang-berat bersifat alometrik negatif dengan nilai b = 2,92; nisbah kelamin jantan terhadap betina 1,0:3,2. Panjang rata-rata ikan tertangkap lebih besar dari panjang pertama kali matang gonad (L50% = 57,19 cmTL > Lm = 47,23 cmTL). Panjang asimtotik (L) sebesar 111,00 cmTL, laju pertumbuhan (K) sebesar 0,56/tahun. Selanjutnya laju kematian total (Z) sebesar 3,46/tahun, laju kematian alami (M) sebesar 0,85/tahun, dan laju kematian akibat penangkapan (F) sebesar 2,61/tahun; sehingga laju eksploitasi (E) sebesar 0,75, terindikasi kondisi fully exploited. Jika dibiarkan kondisi tersebut dapat mengarah pada recruitment overfishing. Untuk menjaga keberlangsungan kelestarian sumberdaya L. savala, pengelolaan dapat dilakukan dengan cara membatasi intensitas penangkapan, memperbesar ukuran mata jaring, dan penetapan kawasan reservat terhadap sejumlah stok induk yang memadai. The fish production in the Pangandaran waters dominated demersal fish resources by 32.90% of total landed in 2015. Savalai hairtail contributes 47,31% to total demersal fish production. This study aims to determine the biological aspects and population parameters of Lepturacanthus savala in Pangandaran waters. Data collection conducted in June - December 2015, with data collected including length and weight, sex, the maturity level of gonads, gonad weight, and fishery statistics data. Population parameter analysis based on length-frequency data was done by using FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools II (FiSAT II) program. The result shows a negative allometric growth pattern (b = 2,92) and sex ratio of male to female has a ratio of 1,0: 3,2. The average length of the fish is caught is greater than the length of the first mature gonad (L50% = 57,19 cmTL> Lm = 47,23 cmTL). Analysis of fish population parameter obtained asymptotic length (L) = 111,00cmTL, growth rate (K) = 0,56/year, total mortality rate (Z) = 3,46/year, natural mortality rate (M) = 0,85/year, catch mortality rate (F) = 2,61/year, so that the rate of exploitation (E) = 0,75, indicated fully exploited condition. If left unchecked, the condition may lead to recruitment overfishing. To maintain the sustainability of L. savala resources, management can be done by limiting the intensity of catching, maximazing the mesh size, and determining the reserved area against a sufficient number of parent stocks.

Labuan Bajo has a fertile aquatic ecosystem, one of them is the coral reef ecosystem. This condition happened because of the supply of nutrients that are carried through Indonesia Through Flow and the local upwelling phenomena. Various species of reef fish of various sizes have been caught in Labuan Bajo waters. In general, the type of reef fish that dominates is grouper fish catch by using handline fishing gear. Furthermore, there is damage that occurs in the coastal ecosystem causes changes in ecological functions and disrupted ecosystem benefits. In addition, pressure from overuse did not provide opportunities for resources to carry out recovery makes the condition of resource stocks threatened. This study aims to determine the parameter aspects of the population of several types of grouper fish in Labuan Bajo waters. The types of grouper studied included Plectropomus leopardus, P. maculatus, P. oligacanthus, and Variola albimarginata. Data collection was carried out by enumerators from April to August 2019 which included the daily data on the length and weight distribution of groupers. Length-frequency distribution data is analyzed by estimating fish population parameters using the Electronic Length Frequency Analysis (ELEFAN I) program which is packaged in the FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tool II (FiSAT II) software. The results of the analysis showed the equation of growth parameters for Von Bartalanffy for P. leopardus is Lt = 89.06(1-e−0.24(t+0.52)); P. maculatus is Lt = 76(1-e−0.54(t+0.23)); P. oligacanthus is Lt = 72.32(1-e−0.66(t+0.19)); and V. albimarginata is Lt = 45(1-e−0.51(t+0.29)). The length at first birth of each species is Lt=0 P. leopardus = 10.45 cm, Lt=0 P. maculatus = 8.88 cm, Lt=0 P. oligacanthus = 8.52 cm, and Lt=0 V. albimarginata = 6.19 cm. Meanwhile, the exploitation rate (E) of P. leopardus, P. maculatus, P. oligacanthus, and V. albimarginata were 0.81; 0.53; 0.45; and 0.70.

As a dominant small pelagic fishery in Bali Strait waters, significant decrease of sardine (lemuru) production was bothering fisheries industries, particularly in Muncar and Pengambengan District in East Java and Bali province.  Besides of over exploitation, changing environment condition such as temperature, salinity and thermocline depth, indicated the affect on decreasing of sardine production.  The interaction among environment variabels, food source availability (Chl-a) and anthropogenic pressure (fishing effort) generate the number of sardine abundance showed by CPUE (Catch per Unit Effort) value that determined sardine production. The current research aims to analyze the simultant impact of changing environment, food availability and antropogenic pressure on sardine CPUE.   Field research was conducted in Bali Strait where primary and secondary fisheries data were gathered at Muncar Fishing Port of Banyuwangi District East Java Province and Pengambengan Fishing Port of Jembrana District Bali Province.  Oceanography data such as temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll-a profile were collected from INDESO Model. Data analysis was done by time series analysis of each variabels such as CPUE, SST and SSTA, thermocline depth, chl-a and also the number of trip.  Partially analysis of those variabels was done by overlayed one another, and principal component analysis determined to analyze the effect of all those varibales simultaneously on sardine CPUE.  Results show that there were an influenced of regional climate phenomenon on the dynamic of environment condition of Bali Strait waters, particularly IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole).  The CPUE of sardine was determined by the interaction of environment variabels (SST/SSTA, salinity, thermocline depth), food source availabity (Chl-a) and antropogenic pressure (fishing trip) simultaneously, however SSTA gives a significant negative correlation on CPUE.  Regional climate phenomenon might cause an extreme condition in Bali strait waters leading to unstable environment for sardine habitat.  Drastically changing habitat condition occured under influenced of extreme condition would lead to disruption of sardine CPUE.

<p>Kondisi oseanografi Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh dinamika proses oseanografi global. Salah satu proses tersebut adalah Arlindo yang menghantarkan massa air bersuhu hangat dari Samudera Pasifik ke Samudera Hindia melalui Selat Makassar. Dinamika suhu perairan akan mempengaruhi kondisi sumberdaya ikan di perairan tersebut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak dinamika suhu permukaan laut terhadap empat jenis ikan pelagis yaitu ikan layang biru (Decapterus macarellus), kembung (Ratrelliger kanagurta), lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) dan tongkol (Auxis thazard).  Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2015 dengan membuat profil biologis setiap jenis ikan, kemudian dilakukan penilaian oleh para ahli mengenai kerentanan setiap jenis ikan terhadap paparan dinamika SPL.  Hasil penilaian para ahli kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode kerentanan jenis yang digunakan oleh NOAA.  Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa empat jenis ikan pelagis yang dianalisis mempunyai tingkat kerentanan yang rendah terhadap paparan dinamika suhu permukaan laut.  Tingkat kerentanan ikan pelagis kecil di perairan Selat Bali lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan Selat Makassar.</p><p> </p><p><em>Oceanographic condition of Indonesian waters is highly influenced by global oceanographic processes. Indonesian through flow is one of the global oceanographic processes that affect the oceanographic condition in Indonesia waters, it delivers warm water from Pacific Ocean to Indian Ocean through the strait of Makassar. Therefore, the dynamic of sea water temperature will affect the fish resources condition. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of the dynamic of sea surface temperature to pelagic fishes such as mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus), Indian mackerel (Ratrelliger. kanagurta), Bali sardine (Sardinella. lemuru) and frigate tuna (Auxis. thazard). The study was conducted in 2015 consists of three phases of process, describing biological profile of the species, then scoring based on expert adjustment, and analyzed the expert scores using NOAA’s standard method of species vulnerability to climate change. The result showed that all of species analyzed have low vulnerability to the expose of the dynamic of sea surface temperature. The rank of vulnerability of all species is higher in Bali Strait than Makassar Strait. </em></p>

Degradasi kualitas perairan di danau dan waduk semakin meningkat menyebabkan terjadinya kasus kematian ikan secara massal. Untuk itu dilakukan kajian yang bertujuan untuk merumuskan upaya pencegahan dan penanganan kematian massal ikan di danau dan waduk, terutama bagi ikan-ikan budidaya, melalui telaah dan analisis berbagai literatur. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kasus kematian massal ikan dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, diantaranya: i) perairan kekurangan oksigen; ii) ikan mengalami keracunan akibat gas-gas beracun; iii) serangan penyakit pada ikan; iv) kelebihan daya dukung perairan; v) perubahan suhu perairan; serta vi) lokasi keramba jaring apung (KJA) berada di perairan waduk yang dangkal. Untuk meminimalkan kasus kematian massal ikan, upaya pencegahannya antara lain: (a) memahami penyebab kematian ikan; (b) fokus pada pencegahan; (c) perhatikan sanitasi ikan yang dibudidayakan; (d) pengecekan rutin kesehatan ikan; (e) memahami jenis parasit/pathogen, dan perlunya diagnosa dan perlakukan terhadap penyakit ikan yang diketahui; (f) pengurangan kepadatan ikan budidaya; (g) pemberian pakan ikan tidak berlebihan untuk meminimalkan buangan limbah organik ke perairan; (h) pemasangan sistem aerasi darurat; dan (i) pemindahan unit KJA ke perairan yang lebih dalam. Langkah-langkah penanganan jika terjadi kematian massal ikan diuraikan dalam tulisan ini. Diperlukan kolaborasi diantara pemangku kepentingan dalam upaya penanganan kematian ikan untuk mencegah terjadinya dampak yang lebih buruk pada ikan yang belum mengalami kematian massal.Water quality degradation which caused mass fish mortality has increased in lakes and reservoirs. This study aimed to provide information on efforts of prevention and to handle the fish mass mortality through reviewing and analyzing various literatures. Results showed that the mass mortality of fish was caused by several factors, including: i) oxygen-deficient waters; ii) fish poisoning due to toxic gases; iii) disease attack on fish; iv) excess waters carrying capacity; v) water temperature changes; and vi) the location of floating net cages (KJA) in shallow waters reservoir. To minimize the fish mass mortality, preventive measures that can be taken include: (a) understanding the causes of fish mass mortality; (b) focus on prevention; (c) paying attention on sanitation of cultivated fish; (d) routine checks on the fish health; (e) understanding the types of parasites or pathogens and the need for diagnosis and treatment of the typed fish diseases; (f) reduction in the abundance of cultivated fish; (g) reduction in fish feeding for minimizingorganic waste disposal; (h) installation of emergency aeration systems; and (i) transferring the cages net to other deeper water areas. Furthermore, handling efforts in the event of a mass mortality occurrence of fish are described in this paper. Collaboration and coordination among stakeholders are needed in efforts to deal with the mass mortality of fish in lakes and reservoirs, to prevent a worse impact for fish which are still alive in cages net.